Illal Al Sharaie - REASONS FOR THE LAWS - Volume 1 - Part 6

Sheikh Muhammad ibn Ali al-Saduq - XKP

Published: 2016

Tag(s): islam

Chapter   1

The reason due to which Khalid Bin Waleed was ordered with the murder of Amir Al Momineen(asws)

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Progenyasws, and greetings with abundant greetings

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘When Abu Bakr prevented Fadak from Syeda Fatimaasws and threw out herasws representatives (from it), Amir Al-Momineenasws came to the Masjid, and Abu Bakr was seated, and around him were the Emigrants and the Helpers.

So heasws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Why did you prevent Fatimaasws from what Rasool-Allahsaww had made it to be for herasws, and sheasws had herasws representatives there since the last two years?’ So Abu Bakr said, ‘This is ‘Fey’ (war booty) for the Muslims. So if sheasws were to come with just witnesses (then fine) or else there is no right for herasws with regards to it’. Heasws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! You are judging regarding us opposite to what you judge with regards to the (rest of the) Muslims?’ He said, ‘No’.

Heasws said: ‘Inform me, if something were to be in the hands of the Muslims, and Iasws were to make a claim with regards to it, so from whom would you be asking for the proof?’ He said, ‘It is from youasws that I shall ask’. Heasws said: ‘So if there was something which was in myasws hands, and the Muslims are making a claim on it, you are now asking measws for the proof?’ Heasws said: ‘So Abu Bakr was silent.

So Umar said, ‘This is ‘Fey’ (war booty) for the Muslims, and we are not going to dispute with youasws anything with regards to it’. So Amir Al-Momineenasws said to Abu Bakr: ‘Do you acknowledge the Quran?’ He said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘So, inform measws about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [33:33] But rather, Allah Desires to Keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! And to Purify you a with a Purification, was it Revealed regarding usasws or others?’ He said, ‘Regarding youasws.

Heasws said: ‘If two witnesses from the Muslims were to testify against Fatimaasws for the immorality, what would you do?’ He said, ‘I shall establishment the Limit (punishment) upon herasws just as I would against the Muslim women’. Heasws said: ‘Then you are from the Infidels, in the Presence of Allahazwj’. He said, ‘And why?’ Heasws said: ‘Because you would have refuted the Testimony of Allahazwj and would be accepting the testimony of others, because Allahazwj has already Testified for herasws Purification. So if you were to refute the Testimony of Allahazwj and accept the testimony of others, you would be, in the Presence of Allahazwj, from the Infidels’.

Heasws said: ‘So the people wept, and dispersed with tears in their eyes. So when Abu Bakr returned to his house, sent for Umar, so he said, ‘Woe be unto you, O son of Khataab! But, did you not see Aliasws and what heasws did with us? By Allahazwj! If heasws were to sit in another gathering, heasws would spoil this matter (Caliphate) against us, and we would not be welcome with anything for as long as we are alive’. Umar said, ‘What is for himasws except for Khalid Bin Waleed’.

So they sent for him, and Abu Bakr said to him, ‘We want to burden you with a great matter’. He said, ‘Burden me whatever you so desire to, even for the murder of Aliasws’. He said, ‘So it is the murder of Aliasws’. He said, ‘So be at hisasws side. When I greet (finish the Prayer), so strike hisasws neck’.

So Asma Bint Umays, and she is the mother of Muhammad Bin Abu Bakrra, called her maid and said, ‘Go to Fatimaasws and convey my greetings to herasws. So when sheasws enters you into the door, so say, ‘[28:20] Surely the assembly is ordering for killing you, therefore depart; surely I am of those who wish well to you’. So if sheasws understands it, (fine), or otherwise repeat it to herasws once again’. So she came, and entered, and said, ‘My mistress is saying, ‘O daughterasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! How are youasws?’ Then she recited this Verse [28:20] Surely the assembly is ordering for killing you – the Verse.

So when she wanted to leave, she recited it (again). So Amir Al-Momineenasws said to her: ‘Convey greetings from measws to your mistress, and say to her, ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Turn around what is between them and between what they are intending for, if Allahazwj so Desires it’.

So Khalid Bin Al-Waleed paused by hisasws side, intending him (Abu Bakr) to greet (for finishing the Prayer). But he did not greet, and said, ‘O Khalid! Do not do what I had ordered you with! (and greeted) Peace be upon you, and Mercy of Allahazwj and Hisazwj Blessings’. So Amir Al-Momineenasws said: ‘What is this order which he had ordered you with, then prevented you before he greeted?’ He said, ‘He had ordered me with the striking of yourasws neck. But rather, he had ordered me (to do it) after the greeting’. So heasws said: ‘Or you would have done it?’ So he said, ‘Yes, by Allahazwj! Had he not prevented me, I would have done it’.

The Imamasws said: ‘So Amir Al-Momineenasws stood up, seized the clothes of Khalid, then hit him at the wall, and said to Umar; ‘O son of Zahaak! By Allahazwj! Had Iasws not taken an oath from Rasool-Allahsaww, and had the Book of Allahazwj not been in front of measws, you would have known where the weaker armies and the fewer numbers are’.1

1 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 151 H 1

Chapter   2

Reason for the affirmation of the Imams(asws) (as being Proofs of Allah(azwj)

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Mansour Bin Hazim who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘I looked at a group of people, so I said, ‘Are you all not knowing that Rasool-Allahsaww, hesaww is the Proof from Allahazwj over Hisazwj creatures. So when Rasool-Allahsaww went away, who was the Proof from after himsaww?’ So they said, ‘The Quran’. So I looked into the Quran, so it is that with regards to which the Murjiites, and the Harouriya, and the Zindeeq (Atheists) are disputing, and they do not believe until the man who is disputing, overcomes. So I recognised that the Quran cannot become a Proof except with a caretaker for it, so that whatever he would say with regards to anything in it, it would be true.

I said to them, ‘So who is the caretaker of the Quran?’ They said, ‘Abdullah Bin Masoud used to know, and so and so (also) knew, and so and so’. I said, ‘(They knew) all of it?’ They said, ‘No. We did not find anyone who said that he knew all of that except for Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws. So when there used to be something in between the people, this one said, ‘I don’t know’, and this one said, ‘I don’t know’, and this one (Aliasws) said, ‘I do know’. So I testified that Aliasws in Abu Talibasws was the caretaker of the Quran, and that obedience to himasws was Obligatory, and heasws was the Proof after Rasool-Allahsaww upon the people, all of them, and whatever heasws said with regards to the Quran, so it is truth’. So heasws (the Imamasws) said: ‘May Allahazwj have Mercy on you’.

So I kissed hisasws forehead and said, ‘Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws did not go away until heasws left a Proof from after himasws, just as Rasool-Allahsaww left a Proof from after himsaww, and that the Proof from after Aliasws, is Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws, and that I testify upon Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws that heasws was the Proof, and that obedience to himasws was Obligatory’. So heasws (the Imamasws) said: ‘May Allahazwj have Mercy on you’.

So I kissed hisasws forehead and said, ‘I testify that Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws did not go away until heasws left a Proof from after himasws just as Rasool-Allahsaww and hisasws fatherasws had left, and that the Proof from after Al-Hassanasws, is Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws, and that obedience to himasws was Obligatory’. Heasws said: ‘May Allahazwj have Mercy on you’.

So I kissed hisasws forehead, and said, ‘And I testify that Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws did not go away until heasws left a Proof from after himasws and that the Proof from after himasws was Aliasws` Bin Al-Husaynasws, and that obedience to himasws was Obligatory’. So heasws (the Imamasws) said: ‘May Allahazwj have Mercy on you’.

So I kissed hisasws forehead and said, ‘I testify that Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws did not go away until heasws left a Proof from after himasws, and that the Proof from after himasws was Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Abu Ja’farasws, and that obedience to himasws was Obligatory’. So heasws (the Imamasws) said: ‘May Allahazwj have Mercy on you’.

I said, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! Give me yourasws forehead’. So I kissed hisasws forehead. So heasws smiled. So I said, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! Youasws know that yourasws fatherasws did not go away until heasws had left a Proof from after himasws, just as hisasws father had left. So I testify that youasws are the Proof from after himasws, and that obedience to youasws is Obligatory’.

So heasws (the Imamasws) said: ‘Restrain (yourself)! May Allahazwj have Mercy on you’. I said, ‘Give me yourasws forehead, so that I can kiss it’. So heasws smiled, and said: ‘Ask measws about whatever you so like to, so Iasws will not deny you after today, ever’.2

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ismail Bin Marar, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said,

‘In the presence of Abu Abdullahasws, there was group of hisasws companions. Among them were – Hamran Bin Ayn, and Momin Al-Taaq, and Hisham Bin Saalim, and Al-Tayaar, and a (another) group of hisasws companions among who was Hisham Bin Al-Hakam, and he was a youth. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘O Hisham!’ He said, ‘At your service, O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! Heasws said: ‘Will you not inform measws how you dealt with Amro Bin Ubeyd, and how you asked him?’ Hisham said, ‘May I be sacrificed for youasws, O sonasws Rasool-Allahsaww! I am all for youasws, but I was embarrassed from youasws and my tongue does not work in front of youasws’. So Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘When Iasws order you for something, so do it’.

Hisham said, ‘(The news) reached me that Amro Bin Ubeyd and his gathering were in Masjid Al-Basra, and that was grievous upon me. So I went out to him and entered Al-Basra on the day of Friday. So I came up to Masjid Al-Basra, and there was a large circle, and upon him was a black woolen gown, and black trousers, and the people were asking him. I asked the people to make way for me, so they made a way for me. Then I seated myself upon my knees at the end of the people. Then I said, ‘O you scholar! I am a stranger. Do you permit me so that I can ask you a question?’ So he said, ‘Yes’. I said to him, ‘Have you got eyes?’ So he said, ‘O my son! Which thing is this, from the questions, and it is a thing you can see it, how come you are questioning about it?’ So I said, ‘My question is like this’. So he said, ‘O my son! Ask, even though your question is foolish’. I said, ‘Answer me with regards to it’. So he said, ‘Ask’.

He (Hisham) said, ‘I said, ‘Do you have eyes?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you see with these?’ He said, ‘I see the colours and the persons with these’. I said, ‘Do you have a nose?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I smell the fragrances with it’. I said, ‘Do you have a mouth?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I recognise the food upon its varieties’. I said, ‘Do you have a tongue?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘What do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I speak by it’. I said, ‘Do you have ears?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with these?’ He said, ‘I hear the sounds with these’. I said, ‘Do you have two hands?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with these two?’ He said, ‘I differentiate the soft and the harsh from these two’. I said, ‘Do you have two feet?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with these two’. He said, ‘I move from a place to a place with these two’. I said, ‘Do you have a heart?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I differentiate by it, everything which these body parts refer to me’.

I said, ‘So, are these body parts not needless of heart?’ He said, ‘No’. I said, ‘And how can that be, and it is true and sound’. He said, ‘O my son! The body parts, if there is any doubt regarding something I smell, or see, or taste, or hear, it gets referred to the heart, so it gives it certainty and invalidates the doubt’. I said, ‘So, it looks like Allahazwj has Established the heart (to invalidate) the doubts of the body parts’. He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘Thus, it is inevitable for the heart to be there, otherwise the body parts would not achieve certainty’. He said, ‘Yes’.

I said to him, ‘O Abu Marwan! Allahazwj has not Left the body parts until Heazwj Made an Imam to correct these and certainty can be achieved by it from what is doubtful, and Heazwj would Leave this creation, all of them, in their confusion, and their doubts, and their differing, and would not Establish an Imamasws for them, for they to refer their doubts, and their confusions, and Heazwj has Established an Imam for your body parts for your to refer your confusion, and your doubt?’ He was silent, and did not say anything to me’.

He (Hisham) said, ‘Then he turned towards me, so he said, ‘Are you Hisham?’ So I said, ‘No’. So he said, so me, ‘Swear by Allahazwj that you are not him?’ So I said, ‘No’. So he said, ‘Are you from those who sit with him?’ I said, ‘No’. He said, ‘So, where are you from?’ I said, ‘From the people of Al-Kufa’. He said, ‘So then, you are him’. Then he embraced me, and made me to be seated in his seat, and moved away from his seat, and did not speak until he arose and left’.

So, Abu Abdullahasws smiled, then said: ‘O Hisham! Who has taught you this?’ He said, ‘I said, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! It flowed upon my tongue’. Heasws said: ‘O Hisham! By Allahazwj! This is written in the Parchments of Ibrahimas and Musaas’.3

2 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 152 H 1

3 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 152 H 2

Chapter   3

The reason due to which the earth would not be empty from a Proof(asws) of Allah(azwj) Mighty and Majestic over His(azwj) creatures

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Noman Al Razy who said,

‘I and Bashir Al-Dahaan were seated in the presence of Abu Abdullahasws, so heasws said: ‘When the Prophet-hood of Adamas expired, and hisas eating (consumption) was cut-off, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto himas: “O Adamas! Youras Prophet-hood has expired, and youras consumption has been cut-off, so look as what is in youras presence, from the Knowledge, and the Eman (belief), and the inheritance of the Prophet-hood, and the effects of the Knowledge (Ahadeeth), and the Magnificent Name – so make these to be in the posterity from youras offspring, with Hibbatullahas, for Iazwj never Leave the earth without a Scholaras by whom obedience to Meazwj would be recognised, and Myazwj Religion, and for there to be salvation for the one who obeys himas”.4

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Saalim, from Abu Is’haq Al Hamdany who said,

‘The reliable one from our companions narrated to me having heard Amir Al-Momineenasws saying: ‘O Allahazwj! Do not Leave the earth to be devoid of one who is a Proof for Youazwj over Yourazwj creatures, be it apparent, or obscured out of fear, lest Yoursaww Arguments and Proofs be invalidated’.5

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Yaqoub Al Siraj who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Does the earth ever remain without a living Scholarasws in the apparent, the people can refer to himasws with regards to their Permissible and their Prohibitions?’ So heasws said to me: ‘If that (is the case), Allahazwj would not be worshipped, O Abu Yusuf!’6

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Sinan and Safwan Bin Yahya and Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira and Ali Bin Al Noman, all of them, from Abu Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abu Baseer,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘Allahazwj does not Leave the earth except that there is a Scholarasws therein who knows the excesses and the deficiencies. So when the Believers exceed in something, heasws returns them, and when they are deficient (in something) heasws completes it for them’.

So heasws said: ‘Take these (Ahadeeth) completely, otherwise the Believers would be confused over their affairs, and they would not be able to differentiate between the truth and the falsehood’.7

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazal, from Abu Hamza who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Does the earth remain without an Imamasws?’ Heasws said: ‘If the earth were to remain without an Imamasws, it would submerge’.8

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Al Khashab, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Karam who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘Even if the people (entire human race) would be two men, one of them would be an Imamasws’.

And heasws said: ‘The last one to die would be the Imamasws, lest the other one would argue that Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Left him without a Proofasws of Allahazwj over him’.9

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Musa Al Khashab, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Abdul Kareem and someone else,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘Jibraeelas descended unto Muhammadsaww with news from hissaww Lordazwj, so heas said to himsaww: ‘O Muhammadsaww! Iazwj never Leave except that therein is a Scholarasws by whom obedience to Meazwj is recognised and Myazwj Guidance, and heasws becomes a saviour with regards to what is between the passing away of a Prophetas to the coming out of another Prophetas, and Iazwj cannot Leave Ibleesla to stray the people and there is no Proofasws in the earth who calls to Guidance and Myazwj Way, and by whom Myazwj Commands are recognised, and Iazwj have Judged for there to be a Guide for every people, Guiding the happy ones and becoming a Proof over the wretched’.10

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Sa’ad Bin Abu Khalaf, from Al Hassan Bin Ziyad,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘The earth will not be in a state that there would not be a Scholarasws therein, who corrects (the affairs of) the people, and the people cannot be corrected except by that’.11

Muhammad Bin Al Husayn narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Safwann Bin Yahya, from Ibn Muskan, from Al Hassan Bin Ziyad,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘The (affairs of the) people cannot be corrected except by an (Infallible) Imamasws, and the earth cannot be corrected except by that’.12

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bi nSinan, from Abu Amar Bin Al Tayar who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘If there do not remain in the earth except for two men, one of the two would be the Proofasws’.13

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, raising it to Abu Hamza,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘By Allahazwj! Allahazwj has not left the earth, since Allahazwj Caused Adamas to pass away, except that therein is an Imamas who Guides to Allahazwj, and heas was the Proof of Allahazwj over Hisazwj creatures, and the earth does not remain without a Proof of Allahazwj over Hisazwj creatures’.14

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al humeyri narrated to us, from Al Siindy Bin Muhammad, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘The earth does not remain without an Imamasws, apparent or hidden’.15

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Hafs, from Maysam Bin Aslam, from Zareeh Al Mahariby,

(The narrator says), ‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘By Allahazwj! Allahazwj did not Leave the earth, since the passing away of Adamas, except that therein is an Imamas

Guiding to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and heas was the Proof of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic over the servants. The ones who left himasws perished and the ones who necessitated himasws (achieved) salvation, (this) being a right upon Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.16

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim, from Zayd Al Shaham, from Dawood Bin Al’ala, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘Heasws said: ‘Since Allahazwj Created the skies and the earth, the world has not been devoid of a Just Imamasws, and would not be so, until the Establishment of the Hour, not having a Proof of Allahazwj over Hisazwj creatures’.17

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab and Al Haysam Bin Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Abu Dawood Suleyman Ibn Sufyan Al Mastaraq, from Ahmad Bin Umar Al Khalal,

(The narrator says) I said to Abu Al-Hassanasws, ‘Does the earth remain without an Imamasws, for we are reporting from Abu Abdullahasws that heasws said: ‘It (the earth) will not remain, except that Allahazwj would be Wrathful over Hisazwj creatures?’ So heasws said: ‘No! It will not remain. If it were to remain, then it would submerge’.18

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl Al Sayrafi, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imamasws?’ Heasws said: ‘If it were to remain without an Imamasws, it would submerge’.19

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Ali Bin Ismail Bin Isa, from Al abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziya, from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘Will the earth ever become such that there would not be an Imamasws in it?’ So heasws said: ‘No! Then it would submerge along with its inhabitants’.20

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imamasws?’ So heasws said: ‘If the earth were to remain without an Imamasws, it would submerge’.21

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Abaad Bin Suleyman, from Sa’ad Bin Sa’ad Al Ash’ary, from Ahmad Bin Umar,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imamasws?’ Heasws said: ‘No!’ I said, ‘As, we are reporting from Abu Abdullahasws that heasws said: ‘The earth would not remain without an Imamasws except that Allahazwj would be Wrathful over the servants’. So heasws said: ‘It ‘would not remain’, then it would submerge’.22

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Amaar, from Al Moala Bin Muhammad Al Nasry, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imamasws?’ So heasws said: ‘No!’ So I said, ‘We are reporting that it would not remain except that Allahazwj would be Wrathful over the servants’. So heasws said: ‘It ‘would not remain’, but would be submerged’.23

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Daynoury and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Qatada, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Saeed Bin Suleyman Ibn Ja’far Al Ja’fary who said,

‘I asked Al-Rezaasws, so I said, ‘Can the earth be empty from a Proofasws?’ So heasws said: ‘If the earth were to be empty from a Proofasws even for the blink (of an eye), it would submerge along with its inhabitants’.24

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Sinan and Ali Bin Al Noman, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Baseer,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic never Leaves the earth except that there is in it a Scholarasws who knows the excesses and the deficiencies in the earth. So if the Believers exceed in something, heasws returns them, and if they are deficient (in something), heasws completes it for them’. And heasws said: ‘Take these (Ahadeeth) completely, and had it not been for these, the affairs of the Believers would be confusing upon them, and they would not be able to differentiate between the truth and the falsehood’.25

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Mansour Bin Yunus, from Is’haq Bin Amaar,

(The narrator says) ‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The earth would not be empty except that therein is a Scholarasws. Every time the Believers exceed in something, heasws returns them, and if they are deficient in something, heasws completes it for them’.26

Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hajaal, from Sa’albat Bin Maymoun, from Is’haq Ibn Amaar,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘The earth would not be empty from the oneasws who would be knowing the excesses and the deficiencies. So if the Muslims come with an excess, heasws would reduce it, and if they came with the deficiency, heasws would complete it for them. So, had it not been for that, the affairs of the Muslims would be muddled up to them’.27

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad and Muhammad Ibn Abdul Jabbar, from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Shuayb, from Abu Hamza who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The earth would never remain except that therein is the oneasws who recognises the truth. So, when the people exceed in it, heasws would say: ‘You have exceeded’, and when they are deficient, heasws would say: ‘You are deficient’, and when they come with it (truth), heasws would ratify them. And had it not been like that, the truth would not be recognised from the falsehood’.28

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Ma’bad, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from Shuayb Al Haza’a, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘The earth would not remain except that from usasws would be in it, oneasws who recognises the truth. So when the people exceed (in something), heasws would say: ‘You have exceeded’. And when the people are deficient (in something), heasws would say: ‘You have been deficient’. And had that not been like that, the truth would not be recognised from the falsehood’.29

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Yahya Bin Abu Imran Al Hamdany, from Yunus, from Is’haq Bin Amaar, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from Abu Muslim,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘Allahazwj does not Leave the earth except that therein is a Scholarasws who knows the excesses and the deficiencies, from the Religion of Allahazwj the High. So when the Believers exceed in something, heasws returns them, and when they are deficient (in something), heasws completes it for them. And had it not been like, the affairs of the Muslims would be confusing over them’.30

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated o us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Suleym, a slave of Tarbal, from Is’haq ibn Amaar who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The earth would never be empty except that therein would be a Scholarasws. Every time the Believers exceed in something, heasws would return them, and when they are deficient (in something), heasws would complete it for them’. Then heasws said: ‘Take these (Ahadeeth) completely. And had it not been that, the affairs of the Believers would be confusing to them, and they would not be able to differentiate in between the truth and the falsehood’.31

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Mansour Bin Yunus, from Is’haq Ibn Amar,

(The narrator says) ‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The earth would not be empty except that there would be in it a Scholarasws. Every time the Believers exceed in something, heasws would return them, and if they are deficient (in something) heasws would re-establish it for them’.32

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hajal, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Is’haq Bin Amaar who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The earth would not be empty from one who would be knowing the excesses and the deficiencies. So when the Muslims come with an excess, heasws would reduce it, and when they come with the deficiency, heasws would complete it for them. And had it not be for that, the affairs of the Muslims would be muddled up to them’.33

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Shuayb Al Haza’a, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The earth would never remain except that therein would be a man from usasws who recognises the truth. So when the people exceed in it, heasws would say: ‘You have exceeded’. And when they are deficient, heasws would say: ‘You are deficient’. And when they come with it (truth), heasws would ratify them. And had it not been like that, the truth would not be recognised from the falsehood’.34

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Ibn Ubeyd, from Ali Bin Ismail Al Maysam, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Abdul A’la, a slave of the progeny of Saam,

(The narrator says) ‘I heard Abu Ja’farasws saying: ‘Allahazwj does not Leave the earth without a Scholarasws who reduces what the people exceed it, and increases what they are deficient it. And had it not been for that, the affairs of the people would be muddled up to them’.35

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Chapter   4

The reason due to which Rasool-Allah(saww) closed all the doors to the Masjid, and left the door of Ali(asws) (open)

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Shaybani narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from Suleyman Bin Hafs Al Marouzy, from Amro Bin Sabit, from Sa’ad Bin Tareyf, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘When Rasool-Allahsaww closed the doors of the way to the Masjid except for the door of Aliasws, hissaww companions were in uproar due to that, so they said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww! Why did yousaww close our doors and left the door of this boy to be open?’ So hesaww said: ‘Allahazwj Blessed and High Commanded mesaww with the closure of your doors, and to leave open the door of Aliasws. But rather, Isaww only follow whatever is Revealed unto mesaww from mysaww Lordazwj’.36

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Masoud, from his father, from Nasr Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from Isa Ibn Mahran, from Mahoul, from Abdul Rahma Bin Al Aswad, from Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah Bin Abu Rafi’e, from his father and his uncle, from both their fathes, from Abu Raf’a who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww addressed the people, so hesaww said: ‘O you people! Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded Musaas and Harounas that theyas should build a house in Egypt, and Commanded both of themas that no one should sleep in this Masjid of theirsas, one who is in requirement of a major ablution, nor should anyone go near to the women in it, except for Harounas and hisas offspring, and that Aliasws is from mesaww at the status Harounas was from Musaas. Therefore, is not Permissible for anyone that he should go near to the women in Myazwj Masjid, nor sleep in it one who is in requirement of major ablution, with the exception for Aliasws and hisasws offspring. So the one who is stung by it, so over there!’ – and hesaww pointed towards Syria’.37

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Nasr Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from Muhammad Bin Ubeyd Bin Utba, from Ismail Bin Aban, from Salim Bin Abu Umra, from Marouf Bin Jarbouz, from Abu Al Tufayl, from Hufayza Bin Aseyd Al Ghafary who said,

‘The Prophetsaww arose to sermon, so hesaww said: ‘Men should not find it in themselves that it was Isaww who settled Aliasws in the Masjid and threw them out. By Allahazwj! It was not Isaww who threw them out and settled himasws, but it was Allahazwj who Threw them out and settled himasws!

Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Musaas and hisas brotheras: “Build houses for youras people in Egypt, and make your houses as a direction (Qiblah), and establish the Prayer”. Then Heazwj Commanded Musaas that no one would settle (to live) in Hisazwj Masjid, not sleep (with a woman) in it, nor should one who is in requirement of major ablution should enter in it, except for Harounas and hisas offspring, and that Aliasws is from mesaww at the status which Harounas had from Musaas, and heasws is mysaww brotherasws besides mysaww family. And it is not Permissible for anyone that he should sleep with the women in it, except for Aliasws and hisasws offspring. So the one who is stung by it, so over there!’ – and hesaww gestured by hissaww hand towards Syria’.38

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Chapter   5

The reason due to which the Imamate came to be in the sons(asws) of Al-Husayn(asws) besides Al-Hassan(asws)

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Al Hassan Bin Musa Al Khashab, from Ali Bin Hisan Al Wasity, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘What does Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Mean by Hisazwj Words [33:33] But rather, Allah Desires to Keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! And to Purify you a with a Purification?’ Heasws said: ‘It was Reveled regarding the Prophetsaww, and Amir Al-Momineenasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws, and Fatimaasws.

So when Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Caused Hisazwj Prophetsaww to pass away, there was Amir Al-Momineenasws, then Al-Hassanasws, then Al-Husaynasws. Then, there occurred the explanation of this Verse [33:6] and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah. And Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws was an Imamasws. Then if flowed in the Imamsasws from hisasws sonsasws, the successors. Thus, obedience to themasws is obedience to Allahazwj, and disobedience to themasws is disobedience to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.39

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad and Abdullah the son of Muhammad Ibn Isa, from both their fathers, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abdul Raheem Al Qusayr,

(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [33:6] The Prophet is closer to the Believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers; and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah, so for whom was it Revealed?’

Heasws said: ‘It was revealed regarding the command/authority, and that this Verse flows in Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws and in the sonsasws of Al-Husaynasws from after himasws. Thus, weasws are the closer to the Command and with Rasool-Allahsaww than the Believers and the Emigrants’.

So I said, ‘Is there a share in it for the sons of Ja’faras?’ Heasws said: ‘No’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So I numbered to him the relatives of the Clan of Abd Al-Muttalibas, for each of that heasws said: No!’, and I forgot the sons of Al-Hassanasws. So I included to himasws, after that, so I said, ‘Is there a share in it for the sons of Al-Hassanasws?’ So heasws said: ‘No! O Abu Abdul Rahman! There is no share in it for any Mohammedan, apart from usasws’.40

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Abdul A’ala Bin Ayn who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Specialised Aliasws for getting the successorship of Rasool-Allahsaww, and Al-Hassanasws and Al-Husaynasws accepted that for himasws. Then the successorship was for Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Hassanasws submitted to Al-Husaynasws, until the Command passed to Al-Husaynasws, and no one disputed with himasws with regards to it for preceding himasws to it similar to what was for himasws, and its rightful one was Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws due to the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [33:6]; and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah. Thus, after Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, it would not come to be in anyone except in the posterity, and the posterity, and the posterity’.41

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Saalim, from Sowda Bin Kaleyb, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [43:28] And He Made it a Word to continue in his posterity. Heasws said: ‘Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [43:28] And He Made it a Word to continue in his posterity, so heasws said: ‘In the posterity of Al-Husaynasws. So this matter will not cease to be in Al-Husaynasws, from sonasws to sonasws, not going to a brother or an uncle, and not taking place from anyone among themasws except a sonasws is Given to himasws’. And that Abdullah (son of 6th Imamasws) exited from the world and there was no son for him, and did not remain in the midst of his companions, except for a month’.42

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Abdul Samad Bin Basheer, from Fazeyl Bin Sakra who said,

‘I came over to Abu Abdullahasws, so heasws said: ‘O Fazeyl! Do you know in which thing Iasws was looking into just before?’ So I said, ‘No’. Heasws said: ‘Iasws was looking into a Book of (Syeda) Fatimaasws. So there is no king who would be ruling except that he is mentioned by his name and the name of his father, and Iasws did not find in it anything for the sons of Al-Hassanasws’.43

My father said, ‘My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar Al Yamani, from Abu Al Tufayl,

Abu Ja’farasws has said that Rasool-Allahsaww said to Amir Al-Momineenasws: ‘Write what Isaww dictate to youasws’. Heasws said: ‘O Prophetsaww of Allahazwj! Or are yousaww fearing the forgetfulness to measws?’ So hesaww said: ‘Isaww am not fearing the forgetfulness over youasws, and Isaww have supplicated to Allahazwj for youasws that youasws would memorise and will not forget, but write for yourasws associates’.

Heasws said: ‘And who are myasws associates, O Prophetsaww of Allahazwj?’ Hesaww said: ‘The Imamsasws from yourasws sonsasws, due to whomasws mysaww community would quench itself from the rain, and due to themasws their supplications would be Answered, and due to themasws Allahazwj would Exchange the afflictions, and due to themasws the Mercy would descend from the sky, and this one is the first of themasws’ – and hesaww gestured by hissaww hand towards Al-Husaynasws, then said: ‘The Imamsasws from hisasws sonsasws’.44

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali Ibn Muhammad, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al Manqar, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Husayn Al Wasity, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abu Fakhta,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘The Imamate will not happen to be in two brothers after Al-Hassanasws and Al-Husaynasws, and it flows in the posterities in the posterity of Al-Husaynasws’.45

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Barqy narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ahmad Ibn Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Yaqoub Al Balkhy who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, saying to himasws, ‘For which reason did the Imamate come to be in the sonsasws of Al-Husaynasws besides the sons of Al-Hassanasws?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Made it to be in the sonsasws of Al-Husaynasws, and did not Make it to be in the sons of Al-Hassanasws, and Allahazwj cannot be questioned about what Heazwj Does’.46

Ibrahim Bin Haroun Al Hashimy narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Al Salj, from Isa Bin Mahran, from Manzar Al Sharaak, from Ismail Ibn Aleyh,from Aslam Bin Maysara Al Ajaly, from Anas Bin Malik, from Ma’az Bin Jabal who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created mesaww, and Aliasws, and Fatimaasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws, seven thousand years before Heazwj Created the world’.

I said, ‘So where were youasws all, O Rasool-Allahsaww?’ Hesaww said: ‘In front of the Throne. Weasws were Glorifying Allahazwj the High, and Praising Himazwj, and Extolling Hisazwj Holiness, and Cherishing Himazwj’. I said, ‘Over which resemblances (were youasws all)?’ Hesaww said: ‘Resembling the Light, until when Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Intended to Created ourasws images (faces), Rendered usasws as beams of Light. Then Heazwj Cast usasws to be in the ‘صلب ’of Adamas. Then Heazwj Extracted usasws to the صلب of ourasws forefathersas and the laps of ourasws mothersas, and weasws were neither hit by the filth of Polytheism, nor by the foolishness of the disbelief. And one group of people are happy due to usasws, and another group of people are miserable due to usasws.

So when weasws went into the صلب of Abdul Muttalibas, that Light came out and split into two pieces, so half of it went into Abdullahas, and half of it went into Abu Talibas. Then that half which was for mesaww went into Aaminaas, and the (other) half went into Fatima Bint Asadas. So Aaminaas brought mesaww out, and Fatimaas brought Aliasws out.

Then the Mighty and Majestic Repeated the beams to me, so Fatimaasws came out from mesaww. Then the Mighty and Majestic Repeated the beams to Aliasws, so there came out from himasws, Al-Hassanasws and Al-Husaynasws – meaning from all the halves together. So whatever was from the Light of Aliasws, so it came to be in the sons of Al-Hassanasws, and whatever was from mysaww Light came to be in the sons of Al-Husaynasws. So it would be transferring in the Imamsasws from hisasws sonsasws up to the Day of Judgement’.47

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Chapter   6

The reason due to which there is no leeway for the community except for recognising the Imam(asws) after the Prophet(saww), and they have the leeway not to recognise the Imams(as) who are before him(saww)

who are before him(saww)

Ali Bin Hatim infromed me with regards to what he wrote to me, from Al Qasim Ibn Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘For which reason we have not been given the leeway except that we should recognise every Imamasws after the Prophetsaww, and we have been given the leeway not to recognise every Imamas who was before the Prophetsaww?’ Heasws said: ‘Due to the differing in the Laws’.48

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Chapter   7

The reason due to which Amir Al Momineen(asws) was dealing with the favours and the restraint and Al Qaim(asws) would be dealing with the unleashed hand and the captivating (taking prisoners)

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Al Hassan Bin Haroun who said,

‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Abdullahasws, so Moala Bin Khunays asked himasws, ‘Would Al-Qaimasws be dealing in a way differently to Amir Al-Momineenasws?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes’, and that is Aliasws dealt among them with the favours and the restraint, because heasws knew that hisasws Shias would be overcome by their enemies from after himasws, and that Al-Qaimasws, when heasws arises, would deal with them with the unleashed hand and the taking of prisoners, and that is because heasws would know that hisasws Shias would not be overcome (by their enemies) from after himasws, ever’.49

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Chapter   8

reason due to which Al-Hassan(asws) Bin Ali(asws) reconciled with Muawiya Bin Abu Sufyan and did not fight against him

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ibn Fazaal, from Sa’alba, from Umar Bin Abu Nasr, from Sudeyr who said,

‘Abu Ja’farasws said, and with us was my son: ‘O Sudeyr! Mention to usasws your matter (belief) which you are upon. So if there is drowning in it, Iasws will restrain you, and if you were deficient, Iasws will Guide you’. He said, ‘I went on to speak, so Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘Hold on, until Iasws suffice you with the Knowledge which Rasool-Allahsaww placed in the presence of Aliasws. The one who recognised it would be a Believer, and one who fights against it would be a disbeliever. Then after himasws was Al-Hassanasws’.

I said, ‘How can there be a status due to that, and what had been from himasws whatever it was, heasws handed it over to Muawiya?’ So heasws said: ‘Silence! Heasws knew full well with what heasws was doing, and had heasws not done that, it would have been a grievous matter (situation)’.50

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Dawood Al Daqaq, from Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Lays, from Muhammad Bin Hameed, from Yahya Bin Abu Bakeyr, from Abu Al A’ala Al Khafaf, from Abu Ssaeed Aqeysa who said,

‘I said to Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! Why did youasws discuss with Muawiya and reconciled with him, and youasws had know that the right (of the Caliphate) is for youasws, beside him, and that Muawiya was erroneous and a rebel?’ So heasws said: ‘O Abu Saeed! Was myasws fatherasws not a Proof of Allahazwj, Elevated is Hisazwj Mention, over Hisazwj Creatures, and an Imamasws over them?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘Am Iasws not the one for whom Rasool-Allahsaww to measws and to myasws brotherasws: ‘Al-Hassanasws and Al-Husaynasws are two Imamsasws, be they arisen or seated?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘So then, Iasws am an Imamasws, whether Iasws arise (by the sword) and Iasws am an Imamasws, if Iasws were to be seated (and not raise the sword).

O Abu Saeed! The reason for myasws reconciliation with Muawiya was the (same) reason for the reconciliation of Rasool-Allahsaww with the Clan of Zamra and the Clan of Ashja’a, and the people of Makkah, when hesaww turned back from Al-Hudaybiyya. Those (people) were disbeliever in the Revelation, and Muawiya and his companions are disbelievers in the explanation (of it).

O Abu Saeed! Since Iasws am an Imamasws from Allahazwj, Elevated is Hisazwj Mention, then there is no foolishness involved whether Iasws approach it with a truce or war, and it was with the aspect of wisdom in what Iasws approached it with, (which appeared to be) confusing (to you). Have you not see Al-Khizras when heas made a hole in the ship, and killed the boy, and straightened the wall, Musaas was angered, for the aspect of wisdom appeared confusing to himas until he (Al-Khizras) informed himas, so he (Musaas) was pleased with it.

This is how Iasws am. They are angry with measws due to their ignorance of the aspect of the wisdom in it, and had Iasws not approached it the way Iasws did, not one of ourasws Shias would have been left on the face of the earth, except that he would have been killed.51

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Chapter   9

The reason due to which Al-Hassan(asws) Bin Ali(asws) was not buried alongside Rasool-Allah(saww)

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Ibn Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Hisham Bin Saalim, from Suleyman Bin Khalid,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws intended to bury Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws alongside Rasool-Allahsaww, and a group (in opposition) gathered. So a man said, ‘I heard Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws saying: ‘Say to Al-Husaynasws not to spill blood with regards to measws’. Had it not been for that, we would not have prevented Al-Husaynasws until he (Al-Hassanasws) would have been buried alongside Rasool-Allahsaww’.

Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘The first woman to ride the mule after Rasool-Allahsaww was Ayesha. She came to the Masjid and prevented the burial of Al-Hassan Bin Aliasws alongside Rasool-Allahsaww’.52

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Chapter   10

The reason due to which the day of Ashura came to be the day of the greatest difficulties

Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Bashaar Al Qazwimy narrated to us, from Abu Al Faraj Al Muzaffar Bin Ahmad Al Qazwiny, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Kufy Al Asady, from Sahl Bin Ziyad Al Admy, from Suleyman Bin Abdullah Al Khazaz Al Kufy, from Abdullah Bin Al Fazal Al Hashmy who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah Ja’farasws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiqasws: ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! How did the day of Ashura come to be a day of difficulties, and gloom, and distress, and wailing, besides the day in which Rasool-Allahsaww passed away, and the day in which Fatimaasws passed away, and the day in which Amir Al-Momineenasws was murdered, and the day in which Al-Hassanasws was murdered by the poison?’

So heasws said: ‘The day of Al-Husaynasws was the day of the greatest difficulties from the entirety of the days, and that is that the Companions of the Cloak (As’haab Al-Kisaa) were the most prestigious of the creatures to Allahazwj the High, and theyasws were five of them. So when the Prophetsaww passed away from among themasws, there remained Amir Al-Momineenasws, and Fatimaasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws. So there was among them, for the people was a condolence and a comfort.

So when Fatimaasws passed away, in Amir Al-Momineenasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws there used to be condolence and comfort for the people. So when Amir Al-Momineenasws passed away, in Al-Hassanasws and Al-Husaynasws, there used to be condolence and comfort for the people. So when Al-Hassanasws passed away, there used to be for the people, in Al-Husaynasws, a condolence and comfort for the people. So when Al-Husaynasws was killed, there did not remain anyone from the Companions of the Cloak for the people, to be a condolence and comfort for the people. So, hisasws going away was like the going away of all of themasws, and hisasws remaining was like the remaining of all of themasws. Thus, it is due to that, hisasws day became the day of the greatest difficulties’.

Abdullah Al-fazal Al-Hashimy said, ‘So I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! So did not there become a condolence and comfort in Aliasws Bin Al-Husyanasws, the like of what was for them in hisasws forefathersasws?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes, Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws was the Chief of the worshippers, and an Imamasws, and a Proofasws over the creatures after hisasws past forefathersasws, but heasws did not meet Rasool-Allahsaww, and did not hear from himsaww, and hisasws Knowledge and inheritance was from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws grandfatherasws, from the Prophetsaww.

And Amir Al-Momineenasws, and Fatimaasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws, the people had seen themasws with Rasool-Allahsaww in various situations in a steady stream. So whenever they used to look at any one of themasws, they would remember hisasws state with Rasool-Allahsaww, and the words of Rasool-Allahsaww for himasws and with regards to himsaww.

So when they passed, the people lost the witnessing the most prestigious onesasws to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and losing one of themasws did not amount to losing all of themasws except in the case of losing Al-Husaynasws because heasws passed away at the end of them. Thus, it is due to that, hisasws day became the day of the greatest difficulties’.

Abdullah Bin Al Fazal Al-Hashimy said, ‘So I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! So how come the general Muslims call the day of Ashura as a day of Blessing?’ So heasws wept, then said: ‘When Al-Husaynasws was killed, the people tried to get closer to Yazeed la and placed the news (whatever was pleasing to himla), and took parts of the wealth from himla. So, from whatever they placed to himla was the matter of this day that is a day of Blessing so that the people, instead of being distress, and weeping, and difficulties, and the grief, would take to happiness, and the cheerfulness, and the exchanging of gifts, and celebrating it as a festival (Eid). Allahazwj will Judge between usasws and them’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘Then heasws said: ‘O cousin! And that was the least harmful to Al-Islam and its people, but the people who assumed ourasws cordiality, and assumed that they are actually making a Religion by ourasws Wilayah and are speaking with ourasws Imamate, (began) claiming that Al-Husaynasws was not killed and that it just appeared to be so to the people, and that hisasws matter was like that of Isaas Bin Mayramas. So now there is no authorisation for the Imamsasws against the Clan of Umayya, nor any blame upon them, upon what theyasws were claiming.

O cousin! The one who claims that Al-Husaynasws was not killed, so he has belied Rasool-Allahsaww, and Aliasws, and belied the ones after himasws from the Imamsasws, in their news of himasws being killed. And the one who belies themasws, so he is a disbeliever in Allahazwj the Magnificent, and his blood is Permissible (to be shed) for everyone who hears than from him’.

Abdullah Bin Al-Fazal said, ‘So I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! So what are you saying regarding a people from yourasws Shias who are speaking by it?’ So heasws said: ‘They are not from myasws Shias, and Iasws am away from them. Such, and such, and such, and such invalidates the Quran, and the Paradise, and the Fire’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘So I said, ‘(What about) The words of Allahazwj the High [2:65] And you have known those among you who exceeded the limits of the Sabbath, so We Said to them: Become apes, despised?’ They were metamorphosed for three days, then died, and did not produce offspring, and that the monkeys today are similar to those ones, and such is the case of the pigs and the rest of the metamorphosed ones. Nothing can be found from these. Since they are similar to it, it is not Permissible to eat their flesh’.

Then heasws said: ‘May Allahazwj Curse the exaggerators (Ghulaat) and the ‘Mufawwiza’ (Believers in delegation of Authority), for they have belittled the disobedience to Allahazwj and have disbelieved in it, and they have associated, and strayed and have strayed others from establishing the Obligations and fulfillment of the rights’.53

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Aliasws Bin Musa Al-Rezaasws having said: ‘The one who abstains the running around with regard to his needs on the day of Ashura, Allahazwj would Fulfill his needs of the world and the Hereafter. And the one for whom the day of Ashura was a day of his difficulties, and his grief, and his crying, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Make the Day of Judgement for him as a day of his happiness, and his joy, and would Delight his eyes in the Gardens. And the one who call the day of Ashura as a day of Blessing, and stashes something for his house, Allahazwj would not Bless it for him with regards to what he had stashed away, and he would be Resurrected on the Day of Judgement along with Yazeedla, and Ubeydullah Ibn Ziyadla, and Umar Bin Sa’adla (may Allahazwj Curse themla) to the lowest Level from the Fire’.54

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Chapter   11

The reason for the proceeding of the companions of Al Husayn(asws) towards the killing

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Ibn Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowhry, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Ibn Amara, from his father,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Inform me about the companions of Al-Husaynasws, and their proceeding to the death’. So heasws said: ‘The covering was removed from them to the extent that they saw their houses in the Paradise. So the man from among them used to proceed towards the killing to hasten to the Houries and embracing them, and to his place in the Paradise’.55

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Chapter   12

The reason due to which Al Qaim(asws) would kill the offspring of the ones who killed Al Husayn(asws) due to the actions of their forefathers

Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdul Salaam Bin Salih Al Harawy who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘What are youasws saying regarding a Hadeeth being reported from Al-Sadiqasws that when Al-Qaimasws rises, heasws would kill the offspring of those who killed Al-Husaynasws for the deeds of their forefathers?’ So heasws said: ‘It is like that’.

So, I said, ‘And the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [17:15] nor can the bearer of a burden bears the burden of another, what is its Meaning?’ Heasws said: ‘Allahazwj is Truthful in all of Hisazwj Words, but the offspring of those who killed Al-Husaynasws would be pleased with the actions of their forefathers and would be priding over it. And the one who is pleased with anything is like the one who has come to it (done it). And even if a man is killed in the east, and a man is pleased with his killing in the west, in the Presence of Allahazwj he is associated with the killing. But rather, Al-Qaimasws would be killing them when heasws rises, due to them being pleased with the actions of their forefathers’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to himasws, ‘By which thing would Al-Qaimasws begin among them when heasws arises?’ Heasws said: ‘Heasws would begin by the Clan of Shayba and cut off their hands, because they are thieves of the House of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.56

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Chapter   13

– The reason due to which Ali(asws) Bin Al-Husayn(asws) is called ‘Zayn Al Abideen’ (Adornment of the worshippers)

Abdullah Bin Al Nazar Bin Sam’an Al Tameemy Al Kharqany, from Abu Al Qasim Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Makky, from Abu Al Hassan Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Umar Al Taroush Al harany, from Salih Bin Ziyad Abu Saeed Al Shouny, from Abu Usman Abdullah Bin Manmoun Al Sakry, from Abdullah Bin Ma’an Al Awdy, from Imran Bin Saleym, said,

‘When Al-Zuhry narrated from Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, said, ‘Zayn Al-Abideen Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws narrated to me’. So, Sufyan Bin Ayayna said to him, ‘And why are you saying ‘Zayn Al-Abideen’?’ He said, ‘I heard Saeed Bin Al-Musayyab narrating from Ibn Abbas, that Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘When it would be the Day of Judgement, a Caller would Call out: ‘Where is Zayn Al-Abideen?’ So it is as if Isaww am looking at mysaww son Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws stepping (forward) in between the rows’.57

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin yahya Bin Imran Al Ash’ary, from Al Abbas Ibn Marouf, from Muhammad Bin Sahl Al Harany, from one of our companions,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘A Caller would Call out on the Day of Judgement: ‘Where is Zayn Al-Abideen?’ So it is as if Iasws am looking at Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws stepping (forwards) between the rows’.58

And by this chain, from Sufyan Bin Ayayna who said,

‘Al-Zuhry saw Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws on a cold and rainy night, and upon hisasws back was some flour and firewood, and heasws was walking. So he said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! What is this?’ Heasws said: ‘Iasws intend for a journey and am preparing provisions for it. Iasws am carrying it to a safe place’. So Al-Zuhry said, ‘So this is my slave, he would carry it for youasws’. But heasws refused. So he said, ‘I will carry it from youasws, for I am more appropriate than youasws for carrying it’. So Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws said: ‘But Iasws do not consider myselfasws higher from what would save measws in myasws journey, and that myasws return should be good upon what Iasws am intending for. Iasws ask you for the Sake of Allahazwj, go and fulfill your need and leave measws’.

So he left from himasws. So when it was a few days later, he said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! I did not see youasws go on that journey which youasws had previously mentioned?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes, O Zuhry! It is not what you are thinking of, but it is the death, and it is for it that Iasws was preparing. But rather, the preparation for the death is to stay away from the Prohibition, and stay on the generosity, and the goodness’.59

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Umar, from his father, from Ali Bin Al Mugheira, from Abab Bin Taghlub who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘I saw Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws when heasws stood for the Prayer, hisasws colour was overcome by another colour’, so heasws said to me: ‘By Allahazwj! Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws used to recognise the One in front of Whom heasws was standing for’.60

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from one of our companions, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I saw Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Praying, so hisasws cloak fell off from one of hisasws shoulder, so heasws did not straighten it until heasws was free from hisasws Prayer. So, I asked himasws about that, so heasws said: ‘Woe be unto you! Do you know in front of Whom Iasws was? Nothing is Acceptable from the Prayer of a servant except for what he performs from it by his heart’.

And Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws used to go out in the darkness of the night, so heasws would carry the bags of Dinaar and Dirhams until heasws would come to a door after a door and know upon it. So the one who would come out to himasws would take it. So, when Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws passed away, that was lost, and they came to know that it was Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws who used to do that’.61

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Chapter   14

The reason due to which Ali(asws) Bin Al-Husayn(asws) was named as ‘Al-Sajaad’ (The Prostrating one)

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Asaam Al Kulayni narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Al Kulayni, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Al Hasany and Ali Bin Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, together from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Ahmar, from Abdul Rahma Bin Abdullah Al Khazai’e, from Nasr Bin Mazaham Al Manqary, from umaro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy who said,

‘Abu Ja’far Muhammadasws Bin Ali Al-Baqirasws having said: ‘Myasws fatherasws Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws would not remember a Bounty of Allahazwj except that heasws would Prostrate, nor read a Verse from the Book of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and in it would be Prostration, except that heasws would Prostrate, nor would Allahazwj Repel an evil from himasws which heasws feared, or a plot of a plotter, except that heasws would Prostrate, nor being free from an Obligatory Prayer, except that heasws would Prostrate, nor effect reconciliation between two (persons), except that heasws would Prostrate. And the effects of the Prostrations were on all of hisasws places (body parts) of Prostrations. Thus, heasws was named as ‘Sajaad’ due to that’.62

62 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 166 H 1

Chapter   15

The reason due to which Ali(asws) Bin Al-Husayn(asws) was named as ‘Zul-Safanaat’ (One with Callusses)

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Asaam Al Kulayni narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Al Kulayni, from Ali Bin Muhammad,

from Abu Ali Muhammad Bin Ismail son of Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws forefathersasws, from Muhammadasws Bin Ali Al-Baqirasws having said: ‘There used to be for myasws fatherasws, in a place of hisasws Prostrations (forehead), effects of swelling, and heasws used to have it cut off twice during the year, in each time, five calluses. Thus, heasws was named as ‘Zul-Safanaat’ due to that’.63

63 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 167 H 1

Chapter   16

The reason due to which Abu Ja’far Muhammad(asws) Bin Ali(asws) was named as ‘Al-Baqir’ (The Expounder)

Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Basry at Al basra, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad ,from Raja’a Bin Salma,

(It has been narrated) from Amro Bin Shimr who said, ‘I asked Jabir Bin Yazeed Al-Ju’fy, so I said to him, ‘Why was Al-Baqirasws named as ‘Baqir’?’ He said, ‘Because heasws expounded the Knowledge with an expansion – i.e. heasws cleft it asunder with a cleaving, and manifested it with a manifestation.

An Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansary had narrated to me that he had heard Rasool-Allahsaww saying: ‘O Jabir! You will be remaining until you meet mysaww son Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, well known in the Torah as ‘Baqir’. So when you meet himasws, convey the greetings from mesaww. So Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary met himasws in one of the markets of Al-Medina, so he said to himasws, ‘O boy! Who are you?’ Heasws said: ‘Iasws am Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Ibn Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws’.

Jabir said to himasws, ‘O my son! Face me’. So heasws faced him. Then he said, ‘Turn around!’ So heasws turned around. So he said, ‘By the Lordazwj of the Kabah! You resemble Rasool-Allahsaww’. Then he said, ‘O my son! Rasool-Allahsaww sent the greetings to youasws’. So heasws said: ‘The greetings be upon Rasool-Allahsaww for as long as the skies and the earth exist, and upon you O Jabir, due to your delivery of the greetings’.

Jabir said to himasws, ‘O Baqirasws! Youasws are truly Al-Baqirasws who would be expounding the Knowledge with an expansion’. Then Jabir used to come to himasws, and he would be seated in front of himasws, so he would let himasws know (Ahadeeth), and wherever Jabir used to get it wrong with regards to what he had narrated with from Rasool-Allahsaww, so heasws would repudiate it back to him, and heasws would remind him, so he would accept that from himasws, and he would return to hisasws words, and he used to be saying, ‘O Baqir! O Baqir! O Baqir! I testify by Allahazwj that youasws have been Given the Wisdom whilst a child’.64

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Chapter   17

reason due to which Abu Abdullah Ja’far(asws) Bin Muhammad(asws) was named as ‘Al-Sadiq’ (The Truthful)

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Sowfy, from Abu Bakr Ubeydullah Bin Musa Al Habaal Al Tabary, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Al Khashaab, from Muhammad Bin Al Haseyn, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar, from Ibn Hamza Sabit Bin Dinaar Al Sumaly,

(It has been narrated) from Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws grandfatherasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘When mysaww sonasws Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Ibn Abu Talibasws is appears (to the World), so name himasws as ‘Al-Sadiq’, for there would be a child in hisasws son with a name of hisasws, who would be calling to the Imamate without having its right to do so, and he should be called ‘Kazaaba’ (The liar)’.65

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Abu Ahmad Muhammad Bin Zabaad Al Azdy who said,

‘I heard Maalik Bin Anas, a jurist of Al Medina saying, ‘I used to go over to Al Sadiq Ja’far Bin Muhammadasws, so heasws would provide a pillow for me, and exalt my worth for me, and heasws was saying: ‘O Maalik! Iasws love you’. I used to rejoice due to that and Praise Allahazwj the High over it. And heasws was never devoid of one of the three qualities – either heasws was Fasting, or standing (in Prayer), or in Remembrance (of Allahazwj). And heasws was one of the greatest worshippers, and of great ascetism, who used to fear Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and heasws was of numerous Ahadeeth, goodly gatherings, and abundant benefits.

So whenever heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said’ – (hisasws colour would change) sometimes green, sometimes yellow, to the extent that the one who knew himasws would deny himasws. And I performed Hajj with himasws one year, so when I prepared hisasws ride for himasws whilst in Ihraam, when heasws exclaimed Talbiyya (Allahumma Labbayk), hisasws voice got cut-off in hisasws throat, and heasws almost fell off from hisasws ride’. So I said, ‘Say it, O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww, and that cannot be without saying it’. So heasws said: ‘O cousin! How can Iasws have the audacity that Iasws should say: ‘Here Iasws am at Yourazwj service O Allahazwj, here Iasws am!, (Iasws fear) that the Highazwj would be Saying to measws: “Iazwj am her for youasws and for yourasws Assistance”.66

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Table of Contents

Title

Chapter 1 - The reason due to which Khalid Bin Waleed was ordered with the murder of Amir Al Momineen(asws)

Chapter 2 - Reason for the affirmation of the Imams(asws) (as being Proofs of Allah(azwj)

Chapter 3 - The reason due to which the earth would not be empty from a Proof(asws) of Allah(azwj) Mighty and Majestic over His(azwj) creatures

Chapter 4 - The reason due to which Rasool-Allah(saww) closed all the doors to the Masjid, and left the door of Ali(asws) (open)

Chapter 5 - The reason due to which the Imamate came to be in the sons(asws) of Al-Husayn(asws) besides Al-Hassan(asws)

Chapter 6 - The reason due to which there is no leeway for the community except for recognising the Imam(asws) after the Prophet(saww), and they have the leeway not to recognise the Imams(as) who are before him(saww)

Chapter 7 - The reason due to which Amir Al Momineen(asws) was dealing with the favours and the restraint and Al Qaim(asws) would be dealing with the unleashed hand and the captivating (taking prisoners)

Chapter 8 - reason due to which Al-Hassan(asws) Bin Ali(asws) reconciled with Muawiya Bin Abu Sufyan and did not fight against him

Chapter 9 - The reason due to which Al-Hassan(asws) Bin Ali(asws) was not buried alongside Rasool-Allah(saww)

Chapter 10 - The reason due to which the day of Ashura came to be the day of the greatest difficulties

Chapter 11 - The reason for the proceeding of the companions of Al Husayn(asws) towards the killing

Chapter 12 - The reason due to which Al Qaim(asws) would kill the offspring of the ones who killed Al Husayn(asws) due to the actions of their forefathers

Chapter 13 - – The reason due to which Ali(asws) Bin Al-Husayn(asws) is called ‘Zayn Al Abideen’ (Adornment of the worshippers)

Chapter 14 - The reason due to which Ali(asws) Bin Al-Husayn(asws) was named as ‘Al-Sajaad’ (The Prostrating one)

Chapter 15 - The reason due to which Ali(asws) Bin Al-Husayn(asws) was named as ‘Zul-Safanaat’ (One with Callusses)

Chapter 16 - The reason due to which Abu Ja’far Muhammad(asws) Bin Ali(asws) was named as ‘Al-Baqir’ (The Expounder)

Chapter 17 - reason due to which Abu Abdullah Ja’far(asws) Bin Muhammad(asws) was named as ‘Al-Sadiq’ (The Truthful)