Illal Al Sharaie - REASONS FOR THE LAWS - Volume 1 - Part 4

Sheikh Muhammad ibn Ali al-Saduq - XKP

Published: 2016

Tag(s): islam

Chapter   1

The reason for the recognition and ingratitude

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Progenyasws, and greetings with abundant greetings.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Zarara who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [7:172] And when your Lord brought forth from the Children of Adam, from their backs, their descendants, and made them testify against their own souls: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! Heasws said: ‘The recognition was affirmed, and it had been forgotten temporarily, and they would be remembering it one day, and if it were not for that, no one would realise Who Created him nor Who Sustains him’.1

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Mutawakkil narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer, from Dawood Al Raqy,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘When Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Intended to Create the creatures, Created them, and Displayed them in front of Himazwj, then Said to them: “Who is your Lordazwj?” So the first ones to speak were Rasool-Allahsaww and Amir Al-Momineenasws, and the Imamsasws. So theyasws said: ‘Youazwj are ourasws Lordazwj!’

Thus, Allahazwj Blessed themasws with the Knowledge and the Religion, then Said to the Angels: “Theyasws are carrying Myazwj Religion, and Myazwj Knowledge, and Myazwj Trustees among Myazwj creatures, and theyasws would be Questioned”. Then Allahazwj Said to the Children of Adamas: ‘Do you all accept Allahazwj for the Lordship, and for these persons for the obedience and the Wilayah?’ So they said, ‘Yes, our Lordazwj, we accept!’ So Allahazwj Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty Said to the Angels: “Bear witness upon that lest tomorrow they say Surely, we were heedless of this [7:173] Or you should say: But rather, only our fathers associated others (with Allah) before, and we were an offspring after them: Will You then Destroy us for deeds of the wrong-doers?’ O Dawood! The Prophetsas confirmed against them with regards to the Covenant’.2

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Ibn Ismail Bin Bazi’e, from Salih Bin Uqba, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Ju’fy and Uqba altogether,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created the creatures, so Allahazwj Created the ones Heazwj Loved from what Heazwj Loved, and what Heazwj Loved was the clay of the Paradise. And Heazwj Created the one Heazwj Hated from what Heazwj Hated, that Heazwj Created him from the clay of the Fire, then Sent them into the shadows’. So I said, ‘And which thing is the shadow?’ So heasws said: ‘Have you not seen your own shadow in the sun, it is a thing (an image) but it is not something (on its own)? Then Allahazwj Sent the Prophetsas from them, so theyas invited them (the people) to the acceptance of Allahazwj and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [43:87] And if you should ask them who created them, they would certainly say: Allah.

Then Allahazwj invited them to the acceptance of the Prophetsas. So some of them rejected and some of them accepted. Then invited them to ourasws Wilayah, so by Allahazwj, the only ones who were Beloved (to Allahazwj) accepted it, and the ones who were Hated, rejected it. And these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [10:74] but they would not believe in what they had belied before’. Then Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘The belying is from then’.3

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Chapter   2

The reason for the Veiling of Allah(azwj) Mighty is His(azwj) Majesty, from His(azwj) creatures

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Bandaar, from Muhammad Ibn Ali, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah

Al-Khurasany, a servant of Al-Rezaas, said, ‘One of the Atheists said to Abu Al-Hassanasws, ‘Why is Allahazwj Veiled?’ So Abu Al-Hassanasws said: ‘The Veil is from the creatures due to the frequency of their sins. Heazwj is not Concealed from them out of fear, neither day or the night’. He said, ‘So why can’t the vision visualise Himazwj?’ Heasws said: ‘The difference between Himazwj and Hisazwj creatures to be able to see Himazwj by the sense of the vision. Heazwj is Higher than to be Visualised by the vision, or imagined by the imaginations, or to be grasped by the intellect’.

He said, ‘So (define) Hisazwj limits to me’. Heasws said: ‘Heazwj has no limits’. He said, ‘Why not?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Hisazwj every limit is limited to a certain extent, so if the limitation is defined, the increase is defined, and if the increase is defined, the deficiency is defined. Thus Heazwj is without limitations. Neither can there be an increase, nor can Heazwj be exceeded, nor imagined’.4

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, ‘For which reason has Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Veiled Himselfazwj from the creatures?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Allahazwj Blessed and High Built their foundations upon the ignorance. So, if they had been able to see Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, they would have neither Revered (Honoured) Himazwj nor Magnified Himazwj. That is like one of you looking at the House of Allahazwj (Kabah) for the first time, he reveres it, but if he comes to it every day and he sees it, or even barely sees it when he passes by it, he would not revere it with that reverence (which he had the first time)’.5

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Chapter   3

Reason for the affirmation of the Prophets(as) and the Mursils(as) , and reason for the difference in their(as) evidences (Miracles)

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Asffar, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Ali, from Amro Bin Abu Al Maqdam, from Is’haq Bin Ghalib,

From Abu Abdullahasws in a speech of hisasws, saying in it: ‘The Praise is for Allahazwj, the Veiled by the Light besides Hisazwj creatures, in the high horizons, and the lofty splendour, and the Grand King, Exalted above everything, and near to everything. So Hisazwj Manifestation to Hisazwj creatures is from without being seen, and Heazwj Sees, and Heazwj is at the Exalted Station. Thus, Heazwj Loves the Specialisation in the Oneness when Heazwj is Veiled by Hisazwj Light, and Hisazwj Towering Elevation and Veiling from Hisazwj creatures in order for the Evident Proof to be for Himazwj. And Heazwj Established the Prophetsas, and the Heralds of good news, and warners among them, so that the destroyed one would be destroyed by the proofs, and the revived one would be revived by the proof and it would make sense to the servants, from their Lordazwj, what they were ignorant of, and they would recognise Himazwj by Hisazwj Lordship after what they had denied, and they would accept Hisazwj Oneness after having turned away from it’.6

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhamad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws was asked about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [11:118] And if your Lord had so Desired it, He would have Made people as a single nation, and they will not stop differing [11:119] Except for those on whom your Lord has Mercy; and it is for that did He Create them. So heasws said: ‘They were one community, so Allahazwj Sent the Prophetsasws in order to take the argument against them’.7

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Abbas Bin Amro Al Faqeymi, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,

Abu Abdullahasws has said to the atheist who asked himasws, from where would heasws be proving the Mursilsas and the Prophetsas, so heasws said: ‘When weasws have proved that there is a Creator for us, a Maker, Exalted from us, and for all that Heazwj Created, and that Maker is Wise, Exalted, not permissible for the creatures to see Himazwj and to feel Himazwj, and Heazwj Holds discussion with them and they hold discussions with Himazwj, and Heazwj Argues with them and they argue with Himazwj.

It is thereby proved that there are ambassadors for Himazwj among Hisazwj creatures, bringing Messages from Himazwj to Hisazwj creatures and Hisazwj servants, and pointing them towards their own correctness, and their benefits, and what their remaining would be due to, and what destruction would be for them in its neglect.

So, it is proved that the enjoiners and the forbidders (coming) from the Wise, the All-Knowledgeable, are among Hisazwj creatures, and the bringers of the Messages from Himazwj, the Mighty and Majestic, and theyas are the Prophetsas, and Hisazwj Elites from Hisazwj creatures, educating with the wisdom, having Sent with it, not association with the people in anything from their conditions, teaching from the Presence of the All-Wise, the All-Knowing, with the wisdom.

Then that is affirmed in every time period and era, what the Rasoolsas and the Prophetsas came with, from the evidences and the proofs, so that the earth of Allahazwj would not be devoid of a Proof to be with it, a knower of the truthfulness of Hisazwj Speech and having Reasons for Hisazwj Justice’.8

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked by a man, so he said, ‘For which thing did Allahazwj Send the Prophetsas and the Mursilsas to the people?’ So heasws said: ‘So that there would not be an argument for the people against Allahazwj from after the Apostles (having been Sent) that perhaps they would be saying, ‘There did not come to us any Herald, nor a warner’, and it would become an Argument of Allahazwj against them. Have you not heard Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Saying, Relating from the keeper of Hell, and the pleading of the inhabitants of the Fire, regarding the Prophetsas and the Rasoolsas [67:8] Did there not come to you a warner? [67:9] They shall say: Yes! Indeed there came to us a warner, but we rejected (him) and said: Allah has not Revealed anything, you are only in a great error’.9

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from someone else, from Al Husayn Bin Naeem Al Sahaaf who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Can it happen that the Believing man for whom the belief has been affirmed for, Allahazwj would Turn him to the disbelief after the belief?’ Heasws said: ‘Verily, Allahazwj, Heazwj is Just. But rather, Heazwj Sent the Rasoolsas to invite the people to the belief in Allahazwj, and did not invite anyone to the disbelief’. I said, ‘So, can it happen than the disbelieving man, for whom the disbelief has been affirmed for with Allahazwj, so Allahazwj would Turn him, after that, from the disbelief to the belief?’ Heasws said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created the people upon the nature which Allahazwj has Natured them upon that they neither recognised the belief with a Law, nor disbelief with ingratitude. Then Allahazwj Sent the Rasoolsas to them inviting them to the belief in Allahazwj, as an Argument of Allahazwj against them. Thus, among them was one whom Allahazwj Guided, and among them was one whom Allahazwj did not Guide’.10

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abu Abdullah Al Sayari, from Abu Yaqoub Al Baghdady who said,

‘Ibn Al-Sakeet said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘Why did Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Send Musaas Bin Imranas with the (miracles of) the staff, and the white hand, and Miracles of the magic, and Sent Isaas with the medicine, and Sent Muhammadas with the speech and the sermons?’

So Abu Al-Hassanasws said: ‘When Allahazwj Blessed and High Sent Musaas, the magic was pre-dominant over the people of hisas era. So heas came to them from the Presence of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic with what the people did not have the happening of something similar to it, and with that heas invalidated their magic, and proved by it the argument against them.

And that Allahazwj Sent Isaas during a time in which such diseases had become apparent that the people were needy for the medicine. So heas gave to them, from the Presence of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic with that, the similar to it was not with them, and with what heas revived for them the dead, and cured the blindness for them, and the leprosy, by the Permission of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and proved the argument against them.

And that Allahazwj Blessed and High Sent Muhammadsaww during a time during which the sermons and the speeches and eloquence were pre-dominant over the people, and the poetry. So hesaww gave to them from the Book of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and its Sermons and its Ordinances, by which their speech was invalidated, and by it hesaww proved the argument against them’.

So Ibn Al-Sakeet said, ‘Exalted is Allahazwj! I have not seen the likes of youasws today, at all. So what is the Proof over the people today?’ So heasws said: ‘The intellect by which the truthful can be recognised so heasws (the Proof of Allahazwj) can be ratified (approved), and the liar to Allahazwj, so that he can be belied’. So Ibn Al-Sakeet said, ‘By Allahazwj! This is the answer’.11

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Chapter   4

Reason for the Miracle

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘For which reason did Allahazwj Give to Hisazwj Prophetsas and Hisazwj Rasoolsas, the Miracles?’ So heasws said: ‘In order for there to be an evidence to the truthfulness of the one who comes with it. And the Miracle, it is a Sign of Allahazwj, been Given to Hisazwj Prophetsas, and Hisazwj Rasoolsas in order for the truthfulness of the truthful can be recognised, from the lies of the liars’.12

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Chapter   5

The reason due to which the Determined Ones (Ul Al Azam) were named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al Azam)

My father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Ibn Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih Bin Jabir Bin Yazeed,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [20:115] And We had Given a Covenant to Adam before, but he forgot; and We did not find determination in him. Heasws said: ‘Covenanted with himas in regards to Muhammadsaww and the Imamsasws from after himsaww, and there was no determination for himsaww regarding themasws that theyasws are like this. But rather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as such because a Covenant was Taken with them in regards to Muhammadsaww and the successorsasws after himsaww, and Al-Mahdiasws, and hisasws way, so theyas unanimously agreed that, that is like that, and the acceptance by it’.13

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father,

Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws has said: ‘But rather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), because they used to be the owners of the Resolutions and the Law, and that is that every Prophetsaww who was after Noahas was upon hisas Law and hisas Manifesto and the follower of hisas Book up until the era of Ibrahim the Friendas.

And a Prophetas who was during the days of Ibrahimas, and after himas was upon the Law of Ibrahimas and hisas Manifesto, and a follower of hisas Book up until the era of Musaas. And every Prophetas during the era of Musaas and after himas was upon the Law of Musaas and hisas Manifesto, and a follower of hisas Book up until the days of Isaas. And every Prophetas who was during the days of Isaas and after himas was upon the Manifesto of Isaas, and hisas Law, and a follower of hisas Book up until the era of our Prophetsaww.

Thus, these are the five who are ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), and they are the highest of the Prophetsas and the Rasoolsas, and the Law of Muhammadsaww would not get Abrogated until the Day of Judgement, nor will there be a Prophetsaww after himsaww up to the Day of Judgement. So the one who claims (to be a Prophetas) after our Prophetsaww, or comes with a Book after the Quran, so his blood is Permissible (to be shed) by everyone who hears that from him’.14

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Chapter   6

The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Commanded for the obedience to the Rasool(saww) and the Imams(asws)

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abdu Abdullah, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibn Azina, from Aban Bin Abu Ayyash, from Suleym Bin Qays who said,

‘I heard Amir Al-Momineenasws saying: ‘But rather, the obedience is to Allahazwj and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww and the Mastersasws of the Command (Wali Al-Amr). But rather, Heazwj Commanded for the obedience to the Mastersasws of the Command because theyasws are Infallible, Purified, and they are not enjoining for the disobedience’.15

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Chapter   7

The reason due to which there is a need to the Prophet(saww) and the Imam(asws)

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Ibn Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far Bin Muhammadasws Bin Ali Al-Baqirasws, ‘For which thing is there a need to the Prophetsaww and the Imamasws?’ So heasws said: ‘For the remaining of the knowledgeable one for his correctness, and that is the (reason that) Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Raised the Punishment from the people of the earth if there was a Prophetas or an Imamasws in it. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Said [8:33] But Allah was not going to Punish them whilst you were among them.

And the Prophetsaww said: ‘The stars are a security for the inhabitants of the sky, and the Peopleasws of mysaww Household are a security for the inhabitants of the earth. So if the stars were to go away, there would come to the inhabitants of the sky what they dislike, and if the Peopleasws of mysaww Household go away, there would come to the inhabitants of the earth what they dislike’ – meaning by the Peopleasws of the Household, the Imamsasws, the obedience to whom Allahazwj has Paired as being obedience to Himazwj, so Heazwj Said [4:59] O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those in authority from among you, and theyasws are the Infallible, the Purified who are not committing any sins nor are theyasws disobeying (Allahazwj), and theyasws are the supporters, the conciliators, the Guides due to whom Allahazwj Sustains Hisazwj servants. It is due to themasws that Hisazwj Countries survive, and it is due to themasws that there are drops (of rain) from the sky, and it is due to themasws that the Blessings come out from the earth, and it is due to themasws that the Torment and the Punishment is delayed and is not hastened upon the people of the disobedience. Neither will the Holy Spirit separate from them nor would theyasws separate from it. Neither will theyasws separate from the Quran, nor would it separate from themasws’.16

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Chapter   8

The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) came to be higher than the (rest of the) Prophets(as)

Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Al Sani’e narrated to us, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Salih Bin Sahl,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘One of the Qureysh said to Rasool-Allahsaww, ‘With what thing do youasws preceded the (other) Prophetsas and have preference over themas, and yousaww have been Sent at the end of themas, and as theiras last one?’ Hesaww said: ‘Isaww was the first one who accepted mysaww Lordazwj, Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty, and the first one who answered when Heazwj Took the Covenant from the Prophetsas, [7:172] and made them testify against their own souls: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! We testify. So Isaww preceded them all to the acceptance of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.17

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Chapter   9

The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) was called ‘Al-Ummy’

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abdullah Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Sowfy who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Al-Rezaasws, ‘O sonasws of the Rasool-Allahsaww, why has the Prophetsaww been called ‘Al-Ummy?’. Heasws said: ‘What are the people saying?’ I said, ‘They are alleging that hesaww has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because heasws could not write well.’

Heasws said: ‘They lie! Upon them be the Curse of Allahazwj, Iasws for that, say that Allahazwj has Said in the Decisive (Verse) of Hisazwj Book [62:2] He is the One Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, How does hesaww teach them whilst not been well learned? By Allahazwj, the Rasool-Allahsaww was able to read and write seventy two’ - (or said) - ‘seventy three languages, and Heasws has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because hesaww was from the inhabitants of Mecca, and Mecca is the mother of all towns, and that is in the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns and those around it’.18

And it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Sa’d Bin Abdullah, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa Al-Khashaab, from Ali Bin Hasaan, and Ali Bin Asbaat, and someone else, with a chain going up to,

It was asked from Abu Ja’farasws that, ‘The people claim that Rasool-Allahsaww could not write or read.’ Heasws said: ‘They lie! Curse of Allahazwj be upon them. Iasws for that say that Allahazwj has Said [62:2] He it is Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, although they were from before in clear error. How did hesaww teach them the Book and the Wisdom, without being good at reading and writing?’ I said, ‘Why was the Prophetsaww called ‘Al-Ummy?’ Heasws said: ‘Heasws was established in Mecca, and that is the Statement of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns and those around her, and the mother of towns is Mecca. Thus, hesaww was Referred to as Ummy because of that.’19

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:19] and this Quran has been Revealed to me that with it I may warn you, and whomsoever it reaches. Heasws said: ‘By every language’.20

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Shareef Bin Sabiq Al Tafleysi, from Al Fazal Bin Abu Qarat,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the words of Yusufas [12:55] He said: Place me (in authority) over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, knowing well. Heasws said: ‘A keeper of whatever was under hisas hand (control), and a knower of every language’.21

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Bin Is’haq Al Maazarany at Al Basra, from Abu Qalba Abdul Malik Bin Muhammad, from Ghanim Bin Al Hassan Al Sa’ady, from Muslim Bin Khalid Al Makky,

from Ja’far Ibn Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws having said: ‘Allahazwj did not Send down a Book, nor a Revelation except in Arabic. So it used to occur in the hearing of the Prophetsas in the language of theiras people, and it used to occur in the hearing of our Prophetsaww in Arabic. So whenever theyas used to speak to theiras people, did so in Arabic, and it used to occur in their hearings in their own language. And one of us would not address Rasool-Allahazwj in whichever language except that it would occur in hissaww hearing in Arabic. All that was translated by Jibraeelas in hissaww honour, from Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.22

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Chapter   10

The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) was named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’, and ‘Mahiya’, and ‘Aaqib’, and ‘Haashira’, and ‘Aheed’, and ‘Moqafa’, and ‘Maqaba’

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from an uncle of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya, from Amaar, from Al Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from his grandfatherasws Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘There came a number of Jews to Rasool-Allahsaww. So they asked himsaww, and hesaww let them know with regards to what they had asked himsaww. So (one of them) asked, ‘For which thing (reason) have yousaww been named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’?’

So the Prophetsaww said: ‘As for ‘Muhammad’, so Isaww am the praised one in the earth; and as for ‘Ahmad’, so Isaww am the praised one in the sky; and as for ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, so Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Divide the Fire on the Day of Judgement, so the one who rejected mesaww, from the former ones and the later ones, so he would be in the Fire. And Heazwj would Divide a division of the Paradise, so the one who believe in mesaww, and accepted with mysaww Prophet-hood, so he would be in the Paradise. And as for ‘Al Da’aiy’, so Isaww call the people to the Religion of mysaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic. And as for ‘Al-Nazeer, so Isaww warn of the Fire to the one who disobeys mesaww. And as for ‘Al-Basheer’, so Isaww give the good news of the Paradise to the one who obeys mesaww’.23

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassanasws, so I said to himasws, ‘Why was the Prophetsaww teknonymed with ‘Abu Al-Qasim’?’ So heasws said to him: ‘Because hesaww had a son called ‘Qasim’, thus hesaww was teknonymed due to him’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘So I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! So do youasws see me as one deserving of the increase (in the information)?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes. Do you know that Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww and Aliasws are the two fathers of this community?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘But, do you know that Rasool-Allahsaww is the father of the entirety of hissaww community, and Aliasws is among them, is of hissaww status?’ So I said, ‘Yes’.

Heasws said: ‘But, do you know that Aliasws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘So hesaww was referred to as ‘Abu Al-Qasim’ because hesaww is the father of the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire’. So I said to himasws, ‘And what is the meaning of that?’ So heasws said: ‘The compassion of the Prophetsaww upon hissaww community is that of the compassion of the fathers upon the children, and the best of hissaww community is Aliasws. And after himsaww, is the compassion of Aliasws upon them, just like hissaww compassion, because heasws is hissaww successorasws, and hissaww Caliph, and the Imamasws from after himsaww. Thus, it is due to that, hesaww said: ‘Isaww and Aliasws are the two fathers of this community’.

And the Prophetsaww ascended the Pulpit and said: ‘The one who leaves debts or losses, so it (responsibility) is upon mesaww and to mesaww, and the one who leaves wealth, so it is for his inheritors’. Thus, by that hesaww became closer to them than their own (biological) fathers and mothers, and became closer to them than their own selves. And like that is Amir Al-Momineenasws after himsaww. That flowed for himasws like what flowed for Rasool-Allahsaww’.24

Abu Al Husayn Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Shah narrated to us, from Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Ja’far Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Sakht, from Muhammad Bin al Aswad Al Waraq, from Ayoub Bin Suleyman, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary, from Muhammad Bin Hameed, from Muhammad Bin Am Mankadar, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww am the one who resembles Adamas the most from the people, and Ibrahimas resembles mesaww the most from the people, in hisas creation and hisas manners, and Allahazwj has Named meas from above Hisazwj Throne with ten names and Described mesaww, and Gave mysaww glad tidings upon the tongues of every Rasoolsaww that Allahazwj Sent to hisas people, and Named mesaww, and Publicised mysaww name in the Torah, and Broadcast mysaww remembrance among the people of the Torah, and the Evangel, and Taught mesaww Hisazwj Book, and Raised mesaww to Hisazwj sky.

And Heazwj Endowed for mesaww a Name from Hisazwj Names, so Heazwj Named mesaww as ‘Muhammad’, and Heazwj is the Praised One, and Raised mesaww among the best generation of mysaww communities. And Heazwj Made mysaww name to be in the Torah as ‘Aheed’. So, it was due to the Oneness that Heazwj Forbade the bodies of mysaww community upon the Fire. And Heazwj Named mesaww in the Evangel as ‘Ahmad’. Thus, Isaww am the praised one among the inhabitants of the sky, and Heazwj Made mysaww community to be the praising ones. And Heazwj Made mysaww name in the Psalms to be ‘Mahiya’, so Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Obliterate (Mahou) the worshipping of the idols from the earth. And Heazwj Made mysaww name in the Quran to be ‘Muhammad’, so Isaww am the praised one among the gathered ones on the Day of Judgement with regards to the Decision and the Judgement. No one would intercede apart from mesaww.

And Heazwj Named mesaww for the Day of Judgement as ‘Haashira’, the people being crammed to be in front of mesaww. And Hesaww Named mesaww as ‘Al-Mowqaf’, for Isaww would be pausing the people in front of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic. And Heazwj Named mesaww as ‘Al-Aaqib’, (because) Isaww am the end result of the Prophets, there not being any Rasoolas to come after mesaww. And Heazwj Made mesaww to be the Rasoolsaww of the Mercy, and a Rasoolsaww of the epic (after a long series of Prophetsas), and ‘Al-Muqtafi’, being similar to the group of the Prophetsas. And Isaww am ‘Al-Muqeem’, and Isaww am a fully inclusive resident.

And mysaww Lordazwj Favoured upon mesaww and Said to mesaww: “O Muhammadsaww! May Blessings be upon yousaww, Iazwj have Sent every Rasoolas to hisas community with its language, and Sent yousaww to every red one, and black one from Myazwj creatures, and Helped yousaww with the awe (wonder) which Iazwj did not Help anyone (else) with, and Made Permissible for yousaww, the war booty, and have not Made it Permissible to anyone before yousaww and Given yousaww, for yousaww and for yoursaww community, a treasure from the treasures of Myazwj Throne – the Opening of the Book (Surah Al-Fatiha) and the end part of the Surah Al-Baqarah. And Iazwj have Made the earth, to be for yousaww and for yoursaww community, all of it, as a Masjid (a place of Prostration), and its dust to be a means of purification. And Iazwj Gave to yousaww and to yoursaww community, the Exclamation of Greatness (Takbeer), and Paired yoursaww mention and Myazwj Mention, to the extent that no one from yoursaww community would mention Meazwj, except that he would (have to) mention yousaww along with Myazwj Mention. So Good News be to yousaww, O Muhammadsaww, and to yoursaww community’.25

23 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 1

24 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 2

25 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 3

Chapter   11

The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Mighty and Majestic Said to His(azwj) Prophet(saww) [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Ibn Masoud, from his father, from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Abu Al Khayr, from Muhammad Bin Hisan, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Dary,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Saeed Al-Azkhary – and he was from the ones who were the companions of Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Rezaasws – that Musa informed him that Yahya Bin Aksam wrote to him asking him about a problem, and in it was, ‘And inform me about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you, who is being Addressed by this Verse? For, if it was the Prophetsaww who was being Addressed, did hesaww have doubt in what Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto himsaww? And if it was someone else, so is it upon someone else that the Quran had been Revealed?’

Musa said, ‘So I asked my brotherasws, Aliasws Bin Muhammadasws about that, so heasws said: ‘As for Hisazwj Words [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you, so the one Addressed by that is Rasool-Allahsaww, and it was not the doubt about what Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto himsaww, but the ignoramuses said, ‘How come there has not been Sent to us a Prophetas from the Angels?’ They could not differentiate between himsaww and others with regards to being self-sufficient from the eating, and the drinking, and the walking in the markets.

So, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Hisazwj Prophetsaww ask those who read the Book before you in the presence of the ignorance, ‘Has Allahazwj ever Sent a Rasoolas except that heas ate the food, and walked in the markets? And for yousaww theyas were examples. But rather, Heazwj Said [10:94] But if you are in doubt, and did not Say, ‘But in order to do justice to them’, just as Heazwj Said to himsaww [3:61] then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and ourselves and your selves, then imprecate, so let the Curse of Allah be upon the liars. And Heazwj could have Said: “Come, let us imprecate, so let the Curse of Allahazwj be upon the liars”.

They (the Christians of Najran) would not have been able to answer to the imprecation and would have recognised that hesaww is indeed Allahazwj Prophetsaww, a performer in accordance with Hisazwj Message, and hesaww is not from the liars, and thus recognise the Prophetsaww that hesaww is a truthful with regards to what hesaww is saying, but Iazwj Loved it that hesaww should do justice from himself’.26

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Abaan, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar,

It was asked from the one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws) regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic to Hisazwj Prophetsaww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you. Heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww do not doubt, nor do Isaww Question’.27

26 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 107 H 1

27 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 107 H 2

Chapter   12

Reason for the Prophet(saww) greeting the children

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy Al Samarqandy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Abu Al Nasar Muhammad Bin Masoud Al Ayyashi, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Al Abbas Ibn Hilal,

(It has been narrated) from Aliasws Bin Musa Al-Rezaasws, from hisasws fatherasws Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws, from hisasws fatherasws Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘There are five (characteristics) that Isaww shall not leave till the death – Eating upon the low ground along with the slaves, and riding the donkey with the saddle, and milking the goat with mysaww own hands, and wearing wool, and the greeting to the children, in order for that to be a Sunnah from after mesaww’.28

28 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 108 H 1

Chapter   13

The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Mighty and Majestic Made His(azwj) Prophet(saww) to be an orphan

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his brother, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Bin Marwan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Made Hisazwj Prophetsaww to be an orphan that there would not happen to be anyone hesaww had to be obedient to’.29

29 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 110 H 1

Chapter   14

The reason due to which a son did not remain for Rasool-Allah(saww)

Ali Bin Haatim Al Qazwiny informed us with regards to what was written to him, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad, from Abdullah Ibn Sinan,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Why did there not remain a son for Rasool-Allahsaww?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created Muhammadsaww as our Prophetsaww, and Aliasws as a successorasws. So if there was a son for Rasool-Allahsaww from after himsaww, he would have been closer with Rasool-Allahsaww than Amir Al-Momineenasws, so the successorship of Amir Al-Momineenasws would not have been affirmed’.30

30 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 111 H 1

Chapter   15

Reason for the Ascension (Mi’raaj)

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Sanany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Daqaq, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Hisham Al-Mowdab, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al-Waraq, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al-Kufy Al-Asady, from Musa Bin Umran Al-Nakha’ie, from his uncle Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed Al-Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Sabit Ibn Dinar who said,

‘I asked Zayn Al-Abideenasws Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws about Allahazwj Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty, can Heazwj be described with a place?’ So heasws said: ‘Allahazwj is Higher than that’.

I said, ‘Why did Heazwj Make Hisazwj Prophetsaww to ascend to the sky?’ Heasws said: ‘To Make himsaww see the Kingdoms of the skies and whatever is in these from the wonders of Hisazwj Making and Hisazwj creatures’. I said, ‘So (what about) the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [53:8] Then he approached, so he bowed [53:9] So he was the measure of two bows or even closer?’ Heasws said: ‘That is Rasool-Allahsaww, approaching the Veils of the Light. So hesaww saw the Kingdoms of the skies, then heasws bowed, so hesaww looked underneath himsaww to the kingdoms of the earth until hesaww thought hesaww was near to the earth [53:9] the measure of two bows or even closer’.31

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Bin Hisham Al Mo’dab, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Waraaq and Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Yahya Bin Abu Umran and Salih Bin Al Sandy, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws, ‘What was the reason for Allahazwj to Ascend Hisazwj Prophetsaww to the sky, and from it to the Lote Tree, and from it to Veils of Light. And Heazwj Addressed himsaww and hesaww whispered to Himazwj over there, and Allahazwj cannot be described by a place?’

So heasws said: ‘Surely, Allahazwj cannot be described to be in a place, nor does the time flow for Himazwj, but the Mighty and Majestic Intended that Heazwj should Grant the Nobility to Hisazwj Angels and the inhabitants of the skies, and Honour them by looking at himsaww. And Heazwj Showed himsaww from the great wonders what hesaww informed of after hissaww descent. And that is not as per what the resemblers (who make resembles of Allahazwj) are saying. Glorious is Heazwj from what they are describing Himazwj to be’.32

31 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 112 H 1

32 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 112 H 2

Chapter   16

The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) did not ask his(saww) Lord(azwj) Mighty and Majestic for the lessening from his(saww) community, from fifty Prayers, until Musa(as) asked him(saww) to do so; and the reason due to which he(as) did not ask for the lessening them from the five Prayers

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Aasim narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from Ismail Bin Ibrahim, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Tameemi, from Al Husayn Bin Alwaan, from Amro Bin Khalid,

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Aliasws who said, ‘I asked my fatherasws, the Chief of the Worshippers, so I said, ‘O fatherasws! Inform me about our grandfather Rasool-Allahsaww, when hesaww was ascended with to the sky, and hissaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded himsaww with fifty Prayers, why did hesaww not ask for the lessening from hissaww community until Musaas Bin Imranas said to himsaww: ‘Return to yoursaww Lordazwj, and ask Himazwj for the lessening, for yoursaww community would not be able to bear that’.

So heasws said: ‘O myasws son! Rasool-Allahsaww never used to suggest (anything) to hissaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic, nor did hesaww ever had it reviewed anything that hesaww had been Commanded with. So when Musaas asked that, heas was an interceder for hissaww community to himsaww. It was not permissible for himsaww to turn down the intercession of hissaww brotheras Musaas. Therefore, hesaww returned to hissaww Lord and asked for the lessening up to hesaww got it down to five Prayers.

I said to him asws, ‘Why did hesaww not return to hissaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic and ask Himazwj for the lessening from five Prayers, although Musaas had asked himsaww to return to hissaww Lordazwj and ask Himazwj for the lessening?’ So heasws said: ‘O myasws son! Hesaww wanted to achieve for hissaww community, the Recompense of fifty Prayers with the five Prayers. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [6:160] Whoever comes with a good deed, he shall have ten like it. Do you not see that when hesaww descended to the earth, Jibraeelas descended unto himsaww, so heas said: ‘O Muhammadsaww! Yoursaww Lordazwj Conveys the Greetings to yousaww, and is Saying: “It is five for the fifty. Myazwj Words have not Changed, and Iazwj am not the least unjust to the servants”.

So I said to himasws, ‘O fatherasws! Is it not that Allahazwj cannot to be Described with a place?’ Heasws said: ‘Allahazwj is Higher than that, Exalted, Great’. I said, ‘So what is the Meaning of the words of Musaas: ‘Return to yoursaww Lordazwj’?’ So heasws said: ‘The meaning of it is the meaning of the words of Ibrahimas [37:99] And he said: Surely I am going to my Lord; He will Guide me; and the meaning of the words of Musaas [20:84] and I hastened on to You, Lord, so that You would be Pleased; and the Meaning of the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [51:50] Therefore flee to Allah – Meaning go to Hajj of the House of Allahazwj (Kabah).

O myasws son! The Kabah is the House of Allahazwj, so the one who does the Hajj of the House of Allahazwj, so he has headed towards Allahazwj. And the Masajids are the Houses of Allahazwj, so the one who runs towards these, so he has run to Allahazwj and headed towards Himazwj. And the Praying one, for as long as he is in the Prayer, so he has paused in front of Allahazwj, Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty. And the people paused at Arafat, they have paused in front of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic. And Allahazwj the High has Locations in the skies, so the one who ascends to a location from it, so he has ascended to Himazwj. Have you not hear Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Saying [70:4] To Him ascend the Angels and the Spirit; and Heazwj is Saying regarding the story of Isaas [4:158] But! Allah Raised him up to Himself; and is Saying [35:10] To Him do ascend the good words; and the good deeds lift them up’.33

33 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 113 H 1

Chapter   17

Reason for the love of the Prophet(saww) for Aqeel Bin Abu Talib(as) with two loves

Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Bin Al Hassan Bin Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah Ibn Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Abu Talib asws narrated to us saygin, ‘My grandfather Yahya Ibn Al Hassan narrated to me, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Faryabi Al Mqadasy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan, from Ibrahim Bin Rustam, from Abu Hamaza Al Askary, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sabat who said,

‘The Prophetsaww was saying to Aqeel: ‘Isaww love you, O Aqeel, with two loves – a love for you and a love for the love for Abu Talibas for you’.34

34 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 114 H 1

Chapter   18

The reason due to which Rasool-Allah(saww) used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than the rest of the parts of the sheep

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali Bin Al Rayan Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah Al Wasity, from Wasil Bin Suleyman, or from Darast,

(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullahasws, said, ‘I said to himasws, ‘Why was it that Rasool-Allahazwj loved (eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than hesaww loved the rest of the parts of the sheep?’ So heasws said: ‘Because Adamas offered an offering (sacrifice) on behalf of the Prophetsas from hisas offspring, so heas named a part for every Prophetas, and named the arm for Rasool-Allahazwj. Thus, from then on, hesaww used to love (eating) the arm. Hesaww coveted (desired) it, and loved it, and preferred it’.35

And in another Hadeeth –

‘Rasool-Allahsaww used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep) due to its proximity from the pastures and its remoteness from the private parts’.36

_Abu Nasr Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Ubeyd Al Neysabouri Al Marwany narrated to us at Naysabour, and focussed at what was received from him, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq Bin Ibrahim Bin Mahran Al Siraj, from Al Hassan Bin Arfat Al Abady, from Waki’e Bin Al Jarah, from Muhammad Ibn Israil, from Abu Salih,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Zarras having said, ‘Ias heard Rasool-Allahsaww and hesaww was saying: ‘Isaww and Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws were Created from One Light. Weasws were Glorifying Allahazwj on the right of the Throne before Heazwj Created Adamas by two thousand years.

So when Allahazwj Created Adamas, Heazwj Made that Light to be in hisas. And heas had settled in the Paradise, and weasws were in hisas’, and heas was with the error and weasws were in hisas , and Noahas had embarked in the ship and weasws were in hisas , and Ibrahimas had been thrown in the fire and weasws were in hisas. Thus, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic did not cease to Transfer usasws from a pure to a pure mothers until it ended up with usasws to Abdul Muttalibas. So Heazwj Divided us into two parts, and Made mesaww to be in the of Abdullahasws and Made Aliasws to be in the of Abu Talibasws, and Made the Prophet-hood and the Blessings to be in mesaww, and Made the eloquence and the horsemanship to be in Aliasws. And Heazwj Chose two names for us from Hisazwj Names. Thus, the One with the Throne is ‘Mahmood’ (The Most Praised One), and Isaww am ‘Muhammad’ (The praised one), and Allahazwj is ‘A’ala’ (The most Exalted One), and this is Aliasws (The exalted one)’.37

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hashimy Al Kufy narrated to us, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Al Kufy, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Ibn Al Fazal Bin Ja’far Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin suleyman Bin Abdullah Bin Al Abbas, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Za’frany Al Basry, from Sahl Bin Yasaar, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali Al Taify, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, a slave of the Clan of Hashim as, from Muhammad Ibn Is’haq, from Al Waqidy, from Al Hazeyl, from Makhoul, from Tawoos, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said to Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws: ‘When Allahazwj, Elevated is Hisazwj Mention, Created Adamas, and Blew into himas from Hisazwj Spirit, and the Angels Prostrated to himas, and Settled himas in Hisazwj Paradise, and Married Hisazwj Maid Hawwaas to himas, heas was near to the Throne and there were five Inscribed lines of writing.

Adamas said: ‘O Lordazwj! What are these?’ The High Said: “They are the ones, when Myazwj creatures seek intercession by themasws, Iazwj shall Intercede”. So Adamas said: ‘O Lordazwj! By theirasws value in Yourazwj Presence, what are theirasws names?’ Heazwj Said: “As for the first, so Iazwj am the Praised One (Al-Mahmoud) and hesaww is Muhammadsaww; and the second – so Iazwj am the High and this is Aliasws; and as for the third, so Iazwj am the Originator (Faatir), and this is Fatimaasws; and the fourth, so Iazwj am the Bountiful (Al-Mohsin) and this is Al-Hassanasws; and the fifth, so Iazwj am with the Favours (Zul-hsaan) and this is Al-Husaynasws. All of themasws are Glorifying Allahazwj the High”.38

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Bin Shimr,

(It has been narrated) from Jabir Al Ju’fy in a lengthy Hadeeth (from the 6th Imamasws) mentioning the names of Amir Al-Momineenasws in the Torah, and the Evangel, and the Psalms, and among the Indians, and among the Romans, and among the Persians, and among the Turks, among the people of Al-Zanj (East Africa), and among the sooth-sayers, and among the Ethiopians, and with hisasws fatheras, and with hisasws motheras, and among hisasws adherents, and among the Arabs.

Then heasws explained every name along with its meaning, and was saying at the end of it: ‘There is a differing among the people of the understanding, why Aliasws was named as ‘Ali’. So a group said, ‘No one from the Children of Adamas had been named before himasws with this name, neither among the Arabs nor among the non-Arabs, except that the man from the Arabs was saying, ‘This son of mine is ‘Ali’, intending by it the highness, not that it was his name. But rather, the people named by it after himasws, and during hisasws time.

And a group said, ‘Heasws was named as ‘Ali’ due to hisasws highness over every one who duelled (against) himasws. And a group said, ‘Heasws was named as Aliasws because of hisasws house in the Paradise being so high that it would be parallel to the houses of the Prophetsas. And a group said, ‘Heasws was named as ‘Ali’ because heasws was high above the shoulders of Rasool-Allahsaww by hisasws feet, in obedience to Allahazwj the High, and no one was elevated upon the shoulders of Hisazwj Prophetsaww apart from himasws, during the felling of the idols from the middle of the Kabah. And a group said, ‘But rather, heasws was named as Aliasws because heasws was married in the high skies, and no one from the creatures of Allahazwj was ever married in that place apart from himasws. And a group said, ‘But rather, heasws was the highest of the people in knowledge after Rasool-Allahsaww’.39

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from Abu Saeed Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sakary, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Bin dinar Al Ghalaby, from Ali Bin Hakee,, from Al Rabie Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Al Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansary, from Al Ghalaby and Shuayb Bin Waqad, from Is’haq Bin Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Isa Bin Zayd son of Aliasws, from his fatherasws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah, from Al Abbas Bin Bakaar, from Harn Bin Maymoun, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly, from Zayd son of Aliasws,

(It has been narrated) from his fatherasws having said: ‘When Fatimaasws was blessed with Al-Hassanasws, sheasws said to Aliasws: ‘Name himasws’. So heasws said: ‘It was never for measws to preceded Rasool-Allahsaww with naming himasws’.

So when Rasool-Allahsaww came over, heasws brought himasws out (wrapped up) in a yellow cloth. So hesaww said: ‘Have Isaww not forbidden youasws to wrap himasws in a yellow cloth?’ Then hesaww threw away and grabbed a white cloth and wrapped himasws up in it. Then hesaww said to Aliasws: ‘Have youasws named himasws yet?’ So heasws said: ‘It was never for measws to precede yousaww with naming himasws’. So hesaww said: ‘And it was never for mesaww to preceded mysaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic with naming himasws’.

So Allahazwj Blessed and High Revealed unto Jibraeelas that there has been a gift for Muhammadsaww, so go down and Convey the Greetings to himsaww, and congratulate himsaww and say to him: “Aliasws from yousaww is of the status of Harounas from Musaas, therefore name him with the name of the son of Harounas”. So Jibraeelas descended and congratulated himsaww from Allahazwj the High, then said: ‘Allahazwj, Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty Commands yousaww that yousaww should name himas with the name of a son of Harounas’. Hesaww said: ‘And what was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabbar’. Hesaww: ‘Mysaww language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘Name himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’. So hesaww named himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’.

So when Al-Husaynasws came (to the holy familyasws), Allahazwj Revealed unto Jibraeelas: “There has been a sonasws for Muhammadsaww, so descend unto himsaww, and congratulate himsaww, and say to himsaww that Aliasws from yousaww is at the status of Harounas from Musaas, therefore name himasws with the name of the son of Harounas”. So Jibraeelas descended, and congratulated himsaww from Allahazwj the High, then said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Commands yousaww that yousaww should name himasws with the name of a son of Harounas’. So hesaww said: ‘And what was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabeer’. Hesaww said: ‘Mysaww language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘Name himasws as ‘Al-Husayn’.40

And by this chain, from Al Abbas Bin Bakaar, from Abaad Bin Kaseer and Abu Bakr Al Hazaly, from Ibn Al Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,

‘When Fatimaasws was blessed with Al-Hassanasws, and the Prophetsaww had ordered themasws that theyasws should wrap himasws in a white wrapping, but they wrapped himasws in yellow, and Fatimaasws said: ‘O Aliasws! Name himas’. So heasws said: ‘It was not for measws that Iasws should preceded Rasool-Allahsaww with naming himasws’. So the Prophetas came over and took himasws, and kissed himasws, and entered hissaww tongue into hisasws mouth. So Al-Hassanasws went on to touch himsaww.

Then Rasool-Allahsaww said to themasws: ‘Did Isaww not send (mysaww instructions) forward to youasws not to wrap himasws in a yellow wrapping?’ So hesaww called for a white wrapping, and wrapped himasws in it, and threw away the yellow, and recited ‘Azaan’ (Call for the Prayer) in hisasws right ear, and ‘Iqamah’ (Call for the establishment of the Prayer) in hisasws left’. Then hesaww said to Aliasws: ‘What have youasws named himasws as?’ Heasws said: ‘It was never for measws that Iasws should precede yousaww with naming himasws’.

So Allahazwj, Elevated is Hisazwj Mention, Revealed unto Jibraeelas: “There has been a son for Muhammadsaww, therefore go down to himsaww, and Convey the Greetings and congratulation from Meazwj and from youas, and say to himsaww: ‘Aliasws is from youasws at the status of Harounas from Musaas, so name himasws with the name of a son of Harounas’”. So Jibraeelas descended and congratulated himsaww from Allahazwj the High, then said: ‘Allahazwj, Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty, Commands yousaww that yousaww should name himasws the name of a son of Harounsa’. Hesaww said: ‘What was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabar’. Hesaww said: ‘Mysaww language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘Name himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’. So hesaww named himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’.

So when Al-Husaynasws was blessed, the Prophetsaww came over to themasws, so hesaww did with himasws as hesaww had done with Al-Hassanasws, and Jibraeelas descended unto the Prophetsaww and said: ‘Allahazwj the High Conveys the Greetings to yousaww and is Saying to yousaww that Aliasws is from yousaww of the status of Harounas from Musaas, therefore name himasws with the name of a son of Harounas’. Hesaww said: ‘And what was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabeera’. Hesaww said: ‘Mysaww language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘So name himasws as ‘Al-Husayn’. So hesaww named him as ‘Al-Husayn’.41

And by this chain, from Al Ghalaby, from Al Hakam Bin Aslam, from Wakie, from Al Amsh, from Salim who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww named mysaww two sonsasws with the names of the two sons of Harounas, Shabra, and Shabeera’.42

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Alawy narrated to us, from his grandfather, from Ahmad Bin Salih Al Tameemi, from Abdullah Bin Isa,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws having said: ‘Jibraeelas gifted to Rasool-Allahsaww the name of Al-Hassan Bin Aliasws, and a silk cloth from the clothing of the Paradise, and the name of Al-Husaynasws was derived from the name of Al-Hassanasws’.43

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Chapter   19

The reason due to which the love of Allah(azwj) Blessed and High, and the love for His(azwj) Rasool(saww) , and the People(asws) of his(saww) Household is Obligated upon the servants

Abu Saeed Muhammad Bin Al Fazal Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Mazkar Al Naysabouri narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Al Abbas Bin Hamza, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Sowfy Al Kufy, from Yahya Bin Maeen, from Hisham Bin Yusuf, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Bin Abbas, from his father, from his grandfather who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Love Allahazwj when you come to be with Hisazwj Bounties, and love mesaww for the love of Allahazwj, and love the Peopleasws of mysaww Household for myasws love’.44

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Ahmad Al qasim Bin Bandar well known as Abu Salih Al Haza’a, from Abu Hatim Muhammad Bin Idrees Al Hanzaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Al Masny Bin Abdullah Bin Ana Bin Malik Al Ansary, from Hameed Al Taweel, from Anas Malik who said,

‘A man from the people of Badiya (a Bedouin) came over, we found it to be strange that a man from the people of Al-Badiya (a Bedouin) would come to ask the Prophetsaww. So he said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww! When will the Hour be Established?’ So the time for the Prayer came up. So when hesaww had fulfilled hissaww Prayer, said, ‘Where is the questioner who asked about the Hour?’ He said, ‘I did, O Rasool-Allahsaww!’ Rasool Allahsaww said: ‘So what have you prepared for it?’ He said, ‘By Allahazwj! I have not prepared for it from the frequency of the good deeds, nor Prayers, nor Fasts, except that I love Allahazwj and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww’. So the Prophetsaww said to him: ‘The person is with the one whom he loves’.

Anas said, ‘So the Muslim were never seen to be more happy after Al-Islam with anything, more intensely happy than their happiness with this’.45

Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy narrated to us, from Abu Nasr Mansour Bin Abdullah Bin Ibrahim Al Isbahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah, fro mUsman Bin Kharzaz, from Muhammad Bin Imran, from Saeed Bin Amro, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Layli, from his father Abu Layli who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘A servant has not believed until he happens to love mesaww more than himself, and mysaww family happens to be more dear to him than his own relatives, mysaww self happens to be more beloved to him than his own self’.46

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Chapter   20

The Reason why falsehood is adored

Muhammad Bin Ali Majalawiya narrated to us, from an unlce of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,

‘Abu Abdullah Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws was asked about the adoration, so heasws said: ‘The hearts which are empty from the Remembrance of Allahazwj, so Allahazwj Makes them to taste the love of other than Himazwj’.47

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Chapter   21

Reason for the love for the Sake of Allah(azwj) , and the hatred with regards to it, and the friendship to be Made to be Obligatory

Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady narrated to us, from Yusuf Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Yasaar, from their two fathers,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws Ibn Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws forefathersasws having said:

‘One day Rasool-Allahsaww said to one of hissaww companions: ‘O servant of Allahazwj! Love for the Sake of Allahazwj and hate for the Sake of Allahazwj, and befriend for the Sake of Allahazwj and be inimical for the Sake of Allahazwj, for the Wilayah of Allahazwj cannot be achieved except by that.

And a man cannot find (taste) the food of the man (faith) even if he is frequent in his Prayers, and his Fasting, until he becomes like that. Most of the brotherhood that takes place among the people today is for the sake of the world. They are being cordial for the sake of it and being hateful for its sake, and that they would not benefit anything from Allahazwj’.

So he said to himsaww, ‘And how can I know that I have befriended and been inimical for the Sake of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and who is a friend of Allahazwj the High until I go and befriend him, and who is Hisazwj enemy so that I can go and be inimical to him?’ So, Rasool-Allahsaww indicated towards Aliasws and said, ‘Do you see this one?’ So he said, ‘Yes’. So hesaww said: ‘A friend of hisasws is a friend of Allahazwj, so befriend himasws. And an enemy of hisasws is an enemy of Allahazwj, so be inimical to him’.

Then hesaww said: ‘Befriend the friend of hisasws even though he may have killed your father and your son, and be inimical to an enemy of hisasws even though he may be your father and your son’.48

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Chapter   22

The reason that the love for the People(asws) of the Household is due to the goodness of the birth, and that the reason for hatred for them(asws) is due to the evilness of the birth

My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan both said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Abu Al Qasim Abdul Rahman Al Kufy, and Abu Yusuf Yaqoub Bin Yazeed Al Anbary, from Abu Muhammd Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Ghafary, from Al Husayn Bin Zayd,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Abu Abdullah Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws forefathersasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who loves usasws, the Peopleasws of the Household, so let him Praise Allahazwj over the first Bounty’. It was said, ‘And what is the first Bounty?’ Hesaww said: ‘The good birth; and there would not love usasws (anyone) except a Believer of good birth’.49

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhamamd Bin Isa, from Abu Muhammad Al Ansary, from someone else,

(Imam) Ibn Ja’farasws having said: ‘The one who finds the coolness of ourasws love upon his heart in the morning, so let him Praise Allahazwj over the initial Bounty’. It was said, ‘And what is the initial Bounty?’ Heasws said: ‘The good birth’.50

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Natanah narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Hindi, from Ubeydullah Bin Salih,

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Aliasws, from his father, Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Amir Al-Momineen Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘O Aliasws! The one who loves mesaww, and loves youasws, and loves the Imamsasws from yourasws sonsasws, so let him Praise Allahazwj over the goodness of his birth, for (no one) would love us except a Believer whose birth has been made to be good, nor would anyone hate usasws except for the one whose birth is evil’.51

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy Al Qarshy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘The one who finds the coolness of ourasws love upon his heart, so he should frequent in supplicating for his mother, for she has not betrayed his father’.52

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih, from Jabir Al Ju’fy, from Ibrahim Al Qarshy who said,

‘I was in the presence of Umm Salmaas, so sheas said: ‘Ias heard Rasool-Allahsaww saying to Aliasws: ‘None would hate youasws except for three – One born of adultery (bastard), a hypocrite, and one who mother became pregnant with him whilst she was menstruating’.53

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin saeed Al Hashimy narrated to us, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Ibn Furat Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Moamar, from Abdullah Ahmad Ibn Ali Bin Muhammad Al Ramly, from Ahmad Bin Musa, from Yaqoub Bin Is’haq Al Mrouzy, from Amro Bin Mansour, from Ismail Bin Aban, from Yahya Bin Abu Kaseer, from his father, from Abu Haroun Al abady,

(It has been narrated) from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary who said, ‘I was at Mina with Rasool-Allahsaww when we saw a man Prostrating, and Bowing, and beseeching (in Prayer). So we said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww! How good his Prayer is.’ So hesaww said: ‘He is the one who got your father (Adamas) exited from the Paradise’.

So Aliasws went over to him without paying any attention to it, so heasws shook him with such a shaking that his right ribs entered into his left, and the left into his right. Then heasws said: ‘Iasws shall kill youasws, if Allahazwj so Desires it’. So he said, ‘Youasws will never be able to do that until the known term from my Lordazwj. What is the matter with youasws that youasws intend to kill me? By Allahazwj, no one hates youasws except that I have preceded my seed into the womb of his mother before the seed of his father and I have participated with the one who hates youasws in the wealth, and the children of his. And these are the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic in the Decisive of Hisazwj Book [17:64] and share with them in wealth and the children’.

The Prophetsaww said: ‘It is true, O Aliasws! None shall hate youasws from the Qureysh except for the one born of adultery, nor from the Helpers except for a Jew, nor from the Arabs except for one referred to someone other than his biological father, nor from the rest of the people except for a wretch, nor from the women except for a ‘Salaqiya’ – and she is one who menstruates from her behind.

Then Rasool Allahsaww remained silent for a while, then raised hissaww head, so hesaww said: ‘O group of the Helpers! Present the love for Aliasws to your children. So the one who loves Aliasws, then know that he is from your children, and the one who hates Aliasws, be exiled from him’.54

Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abdullah son of Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws narrated to us, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Musa, from Ahmad Bin Ali, from Abu Ali Al Hassan Bin Ibrahim Bin Ali Al Abbasy, from Abu Saeed Umer Bin Mardaas Al Dawanaqy, from Ja’far Bin Baheer Al Makky, from Wakie, from Al Masoudy,

(It has been narrated) raising to Salman Al-Farsyas having said, ‘Ibleesla the Accurse passed by a number of people who were jibing Amir Al-Momineenasws. So hela paused in front of them. So the people said, ‘Who is this one pausing in front of us?’ So hela said: ‘Ila am Abu Mara’.

So they said, ‘Abu Mara! What makes you to listen to our speech?’ So hela said: ‘Evil be upon you for insulting your Mawla (Master) Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws!’ So they said to himla, ‘From where did you know that heasws is our Mawla? Hela said, ‘From the words of your Prophetsaww: ‘The one whom Isaww am the Master of, so Aliasws is his Master. O Allahazwj! Befriend the one who befriends himasws, and be inimical to the one who is hisasws enemy, and Help the one who helps himasws, and Abandon the one who abandons himasws’.

So they said to himla, ‘So, are you from hisasws friends and hisasws Shiah?’ So hela said: ‘Ila am neither from hisasws friends nor from hisasws Shiah, but Ila love himasws, and there is no one who would hate himasws except that Ila participate in the wealth and the children’.

So they said to himla, ‘O Abu Mara! So are you (going to) say anything regarding Aliasws?’ So hela said to them, ‘Listen from mela, O group of breakers (of the allegiance), and the deceitful, and the renegades! Ila worshipped Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic among the Jinn for twelve thousand years. So when the Jinn perished, Ila complained to Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic of the loneliness. So Heazwj Made mela to ascend to the sky of the world. So Ila worshipped in the sky of the world for another twelve thousand years among the totality of the Angels.

So whilst we were like that, we were Glorifying Allahazwj the High and Extolling Hisazwj Holiness, when a beam of Light passed by us. So the Angels fell down in Prostration to that Light, and said: ‘Glorious! Holy! This Light is a light of an Angel of Proximity or a Mursil Prophetsaww!’ So, immediately a Call came from Allahazwj: ‘This is not a Light of an Angel of Proximity, nor a Mursil Prophetsaww. This is a Light of the clay of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws’.55

Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahrawiya, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Hasaan Ibn Maidaan Al Isfahany, from Abu Haatim, from Ahmad Bin Abdat, from Abu Al Rabie Al Araj, from Abdullah Bin Imran, from Ali Bin Zayd Bin Jad’an, from Saeed Bin Al Musayyab, from Zayd Bin Sabit who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who loves Aliasws during mysaww lifetime, and after mysaww passing away, Allahazwj would Write for him the security (from the Fire), and the faith, (of those upon whom) the sun emerges or sets; and the one who hates himasws during mysaww lifetime and after mysaww passing away, would die the death of the Pre-Islamic period, and would be Reckoned with what he has done’.56

Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Qazwiny well known as Ibn Maqbara narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Asaam Bin Yusuf, from Muhammad Ibn Ayoub Al Kalaby, from Amro Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Imran, from Ali Bin Zayd, from Saeed Bin Al Musayyab, from Zayd Bin Sabit who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who loves Aliasws during hissaww lifetime, and after hissaww death, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Write for him the security (from the Fire), and the faith (of those upon whom) the sun emerges and sets’.57

Muhammad Bin Al Muzaffar Bin Mafeys Al Masry narrated to me, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Akhay Sayaab Al Ataar Al Kufy, at Al Kufa, from Ahmad Bin Al Hazeyl Abu Al Abbas Al Hamdany, from Abu nasr Al Fatah Bin Qarda Al Samarqandy, from Muhammad Bin Khalaf Al Marouzy, from Yusuf Bin Ibrahim, from IBn Lahiya, from Abu Al Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,

‘Abu Ayoub Al-Ansary said, ‘Present the love for Aliasws to your children. So the one who loves himasws, so he is from you, and the one who does not love himasws, so ask his mother, from where did she bring him, from I have heard Rasool-Allahsaww saying to Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws: ‘None would love youasws except for a Believer, and not would hate youasws except for a hypocrite, or a son of adultery, or his mother became pregnant with him whilst she was menstruating’.58

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Chapter   23

The reason due to which the people neglected Ali(asws) and turned away from him(asws) to someone else, despite of their recognition of his(asws) merits

Abu Ahmad Al Hassan Bin Abdullah Bin Saeed Bin Al Hassan Bin Ismail Ibn Hakeem Al Askary, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Ra’al Ak Abshamy, from Sabeyt Ibn Muhammad, from Abu Al Ahows, from the one who narrated it, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Muhammad Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws having said: ‘While Amir Al-Momineenasws was in the middle of a difficult phase of (the battle of) Siffeen, a man from the Clan of Dowdaan came over, so he said to himasws, ‘Why are the people driving you away from this command, and you are the best of the people in knowledge of the Book (the Quran) and the Sunnah?’

So heasws said: ‘O brother of the Clan of Dowdaan! And for you is the right to question, and the brother-in-law (of the Prophetsaww) reins. So the worries are two – you have been sent in a time period in which the hearts have been dried up, and another group’s hearts have hardened. And the best of the Judges is Allahazwj, and the leader Muhammadsaww.

And leave around you, the sins in its lap, and the speeches of the son of Abu Sufyan. So the time would laugh along with measws after its weeping. And there is no deserving for measws, or a neighbour that Iasws can ask him what you have asked. Such is the case that evil are the people who have cut-off from measws, and sweetness was attempted in the Religion of Allahazwj. So if the afflictions are Raised from us, Iasws would carry them purely upon the truth. And if it happens to be otherwise, so there should not be despair upon the mischievous people, from you to measws, O brother of the Clan of Dowdan’.59

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from his father,

(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Al Hassanasws about Amir Al-Momineenasws, how did the people come to be inclined away from himasws towards someone else, and they had know hisasws merits, and hisasws precedent, and hisasws status from Rasool-Allahsaww?’ So heasws said: ‘But rather, they inclined away from himasws to others because heasws had killed their fathers, and their grandfathers, and their paternal uncles, and their maternal uncles, and their relatives, in battles for the Sake of Allahazwj and for Hisazwj Rasoolsaww, in huge numbers. Thus, it was due to their grudge in their hearts with regards to that. So they did not like it that heasws should rule over them, and there did not happen in their hearts for someone else, similar to that. This is because no one did Jihaad in front of Rasool-Allahsaww similar to what heasws did. Therefore, they turned away from him and inclined towards others’.60

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Chapter   24

The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen(asws) did not fight against his(asws) adversaries

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Haysam Bin Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Ra’ib, from Zarara who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’farasws saying: ‘But rather, Aliasws restrained hisasws hand from hisasws enemies for the protection of ourasws Shiah, because heasws knew what would be appearing against them (evil rulers) after himasws. So heasws loved it that the ones who would come after himasws should follow it. Thus heasws dealt among them (the general population) by hisasws way, so that (the evil rulers) would follow the restraining of the hand from them (Shiah), after himasws’.61

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Ibn Aamir, from his uncle Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘What is the matter that Amir Al-Momineenasws did not fight against so and so, and so and so, and so and so?’ Heasws said: ‘Due to a Verse in the Book of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [48:25] had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have Punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful Punishment’. I said, ‘What is the meaning of being separated from them?’ Heasws said: ‘Deposits of the Believers in the backs of the disbelieving people. And such is the case that Al-Qaimasws would never appear, ever, until Allahazwj the High Extracts the deposits. So when these come out, there would appear the ones who would appear, from the enemies of Allahazwj, so heasws would kill them’.62

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, or a man said to himasws, ‘May Allahazwj Keep youasws well! Did Aliasws not happen to be stronger in the Religion of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic?’ Heasws said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So how come the people overcame himasws, and how come heasws did not repulse them, and what is the meaning from that?’

Heasws said: ‘A Verse in the Book of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic prevented himas’. He said, ‘I said, ‘And which Verse?’ Heasws said: ‘The Words of the High [48:25] had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have Punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful Punishment’. For the Sake of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and the deposits of the Believers in the backs of the disbelieving people and the hypocrites. So Aliasws did not kill the fathers until the deposits come out. So when the deposits came out, Aliasws appeared upon the one who appeared, so heasws killed him. And similar to that, Al-Qaimasws of the Peopleasws of the Household would never appear, ever, until Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Manifests the deposits. So when they appear, heasws would appear to the one who appears, so heasws would kill him’.63

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Mansour Bin Haazim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [48:25] had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have Punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful Punishment’. Heasws said: ‘If Allahazwj Brings out whatever is in the backs of the believers from the Infidels, and whatever is in the backs of the Infidels, from the Believers, the ones who disbelieved would be Punished’.64

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Saeed Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Adawy, from Al Haysam Bin Abdullah Al Ramany who said,

‘I asked Aliasws Bin Musa Al-Rezaasws, so I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! Inform me about Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, why did heasws not fight against hisasws enemies for twenty five years after Rasool-Allahsaww, then fought during the days of hisasws rule?’ So heasws said: ‘Because heasws had followed Rasool-Allahsaww regarding hissaww neglecting of the Jihad against the Polytheists of Makkah for thirteen years after the Prophet-hood, and at Al-Medina for nineteen months, and that was due to the scarcity of hissaww supporters against them, and similar to that, Aliasws left the fighting against hisasws enemies due to the scarcity of hisasws supporters against them.

So when the Prophet-hood of Rasool-Allahsaww did not get invalidated with the staying away of the Jihad for thirteen years, and nineteen months, similar to that the Imamate of Aliasws did not get invalidated with hisasws staying away of the Jihad for twenty five years, when the reason for the reason for the prevention from the Jihad was one and the same’.65

Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions,

Abu Abdullahasws was asked ‘What was the matter that Amir Al-Momineenasws did not fight against them?’ Heasws said: ‘That which preceded in the Knowledge of Allahazwj that it would be so that it was not for himasws that he should be fighting against them, and there were not with himasws except for three persons from the Believers’.66

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Al Fazal Bin Khabab Al Jamhy, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Hamsy, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Musa Al Ta’aiy, from his father, from Ibn Masoud who said,

‘There was an argument in the Masjid of Al-Kufa, so they said, ‘What was the matter that Amir Al-Momineenasws did not contest (fight) against the three (Abu Bakr, Umar, and Usman) just as heasws did against Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Ayesha, and Muawiya?’ So that reached Aliasws, and heasws ordered a caller to call for the congregational Prayer. So when they gathered, heasws ascended the Pulpit. So heasws Praised Allahazwj and Extolled Himazwj, then said: ‘Group of the people! It has reached measws from you, such and such’. They said, ‘Amir Al-Momineenasws speaks the truth. We have spoken that’.

Heasws said: ‘For measws there is the Sunnah of the Prophetssaww as an example with regards to what Iasws do. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Says in Hisazwj Book [33:21] Certainly you have in the Rasool-Allah an excellent exemplar’. They said, ‘And who are they (Prophetsas), O Amir Al-Momineenasws?’ Heasws said: ‘Ibrahimsaww when heas said to hisas people [19:48] And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah. So if you all are saying that Ibrahimas withdrew from hisas people without anything abhorrent hitting himas from them so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that heas withdrew from them due to the abhorrence of what heas saw from them, then the successorasws (of the Prophetsaww) has more of an excuse for it.

And for measws is an example in hisas maternal cousin Lutas when heas said to hisas people [11:80] Or I shall have recourse to a strong support. So if you were to say that Lotas had strength over them, you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that there was not strength for himas, so the successorasws (of Muhammadsaww has more of a justification for it’.

And for measws is an example with Yusufas, when heas said [12:33] He said: Lord! The prison is dearer to me than that to which they are calling me to. So if you are saying that Yusufas supplicated to hisas Lordazwj and asked Himazwj for the imprisonment for Anger Hisazwj Lordazwj, you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that what heas intended by that was perhaps hisas Lordazwj would be Angered against himas, so heas chose the prison, then the successorasws (of Muhammadsaww) has more of a justification for it’.

And for measws is an example with Musaas when heas said [26:21] So I fled from you when I feared you. So if you were to say that Musaas fled from hisas people without fear for himas, from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that Musaas feared from them, so the successorasws (of Muhammadsaww) has more of an excuse for it’.

And for measws is an example with Harounas when heas said to hisas brotheras [7:150] He said: Son of my mother! Surely the people reckoned me weak and had well-nigh slain me. So if you were to say that they had not weakened himas and did not resolve upon killing himas, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that they did weaken himas, and did resolve upon killing himas, and so it was due to that, that heas was silent from them, so the successoras (of Muhammadsaww) has more of a justification for it’.

And for me is an example of Muhammadsaww when hesaww fled from hissaww people, and went to the cave out of fear from them, and made measws to sleep upon hissaww bed. So if you were to say that hesaww fled from hissaww people without any fear from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that hesaww did fear them, and made measws to sleep upon hissaww bed, and went to the cave out of fear from them, so the successorasws (of Muhamamdsaww) has more of a justification for it’.67

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Hamaad Al Shashy, from Al Husayn Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Ismail Al Maysami, from Rabi’e, from Zarara who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘What prevented Amir Al-Momineenasws from calling the people to himselfasws?’ Heasws said: ‘Fear that they (all who refused) would become apostates’.

Ali Bin Hatim (the narrator) said, ‘And I reckon that, in the Hadeeth was, ‘And they would not testify that Muhammadsaww is Rasool-Allahsaww’.68

And from him who said, ‘Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Raazy narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khataab, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazi’e, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Bakarban Abu Bakr Al Hazramy who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The way of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws with regards to the people of Al-Basra was better for hisasws Shiah from what the sun emerges upon.

For the people were a government, and had heasws insulted them, they would have insulted hisasws Shiah’.

(The narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So inform me about Al-Qaimasws. Would heasws be walking upon hisasws way?’ Heasws said: ‘No. Aliasws dealt with them with the favours for heasws knew that they would be in government. Al-Qaimasws would deal with them opposite to that way, because there would not be any government for them (Power to harm the Shiah)’.69

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Al Abbas Bin marouf, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘Nothing prevented Aliasws from calling the people to himselfasws except that they would have ended up straying from Al-Islam and not returning. It was more beloved to himasws than calling them, so they would refuse himasws, thus they would have become Infidels, all of them’.

Hareyz said, ‘And Zarara narrated to me,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘If Aliasws had not dealt with the people of hisasws battles with the restraint from the captivating them, and the war booty, hisasws Shiah would have faced a grievous affliction from the people’.

Then heasws said: ‘By Allahazwj! Hisasws way was better for them (Shiah) than what the sun emerges upon’.70

Ahmad Bin Al Husayn narrated to us, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Sahban, from Muhammad Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Why did Aliasws restrain himselfasws from the people?’ Heasws said: ‘Out of fear that they would be turning to be Infidels’.71

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Ibn Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban Bin Usman, from Aban Ibn Taghlub, from Akrama, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘The Caliphate was mentioned in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, so heasws said: ‘But, by Allahazwj! The son of Abu Qohafa (Abu Bakr) brother of Taym, wore it like a shirt, and he knew full well of myasws place from it being like what the pole is from the millstone.

The torrent (of knowledge and wisdom) would have flowed down from measws, and the birds could not have ascended up to measws (to the levels I would have taken it). So Iasws dropped a garment over it and folded away from it, and considered whether Iasws should work with hands cut-off, or observe patience upon the blinding darkness, in which the young would be grey-haired, and the older ones would be feeble, and in which a Believer would toil until he meets his Lordazwj.

So Iasws viewed that the patience over here would be better. So Iasws was patient, and in the eye was a speck, and in the throat was a bone (stuck). Iasws saw myasws inheritance being looted, until he (Abu Bakr) went on his way, so he turned it to a brother of (the Clan of) Udayy (Umar) after him. How strange was his (Abu Bakr’s) wishing to be released from it during his lifetime, when he ended up contracting it to another one after his own death.

So it (Caliphate) came to be seized in such a way that it was painful to touch it and tough to speak of it. And he (Umar) frequently kept making excuses from it. So its owner was like the one riding the stubborn camel, that if you are strict with it, it would split its nostril, and if you let it loose, it strays into the darkness. Thus, the people became indulged in objections over immaterial matters.

So Iasws observed patience over a lengthy period and the severity of the ordeal until when his (Umar’s) way passed, so he made it to be in a group, claiming that I was from them. So it is for Allahazwj (to Deal with) and the consultative council. Where was the doubt with regards to measws with the first from them, until Iasws came to be paired to these ones. So a man inclined towards being venomous, and the other inclined to his brother in law, and a third stood up having his breasts in between his dung and the fodder. So the sons of his father (Umayya) arose swallowing up Allahazwj’s wealth like the swallowing of a camel of the spring vegetation, to the extent that it (devouring) finished him off, and his gluttony felled him down.

So what appalled measws was that the people rushing to measws like a pack of hyenas, and they had flocked to me from every side, to the extent that Al-Hassanaanasws (Al-Hassanasws and Al-Husaynasws) were trampled, and (the garment) on myasws two shoulders was torn. Until Iasws took the command, so a group reneged, and another was disobedient, and another became such that as if they had never heard Allahazwj Blessed and High Saying [28:83] That House of the Hereafter, We Assign it to those who have no desire to exalt themselves in the earth nor to make mischief and the good end is for the pious. Yes, by Allahazwj! They had heard it, and understood it, but the world became sweet in their eyes, and its embellishments seduced them.

But, by the Oneazwj Who Split the seed and Began the life! Had the gatherers not gathered and established the argument of finding of the supporters, and had Allahazwj not Taken a Pledge upon the knowledgeable onesasws that theyasws would neither acquiesce to the gluttony of the unjust, nor the starvation of the oppressed, Iasws would have thrown its (Caliphate’s) rope upon its own shoulders and would have made the last of them drink the cup of its first one, and you would have seen that this world is more renounced in myasws presence than the sneeze of a goat’.

He (Ibn Abbas) said, ‘And a man from the black people grabbed a paper, so heasws cut-off hisasws speech and seized the paper. So I said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineenasws! If only youasws would return to yourasws speech to where it has reached’. So heasws said: ‘Far be it! Far be it! O Ibn Abbas, that was the foam (from the mouth) of a camel which flowed down, then it subsided’.

Ibn Abbas said, ‘So I had never regretted upon a speech at all like I regretted upon this speech of Amir Al-Momineenasws, when heasws did not preach with it where heasws had intended to’.72

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Rabie, from Fazeyl Bin Yasaar who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’farasws or to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘When Rasool-Allahsaww passed away, for who was the command after himsaww?’ So heasws said: ‘For usasws, the Peopleasws of the Household’. I said, ‘So how did it come to be in the others?’ Heasws said: ‘You have asked, so understand the answer. When Allahazwj Knew that there would be a mischief in the earth, and the forbidden marriages would take place, and there would be judgements with other than what Allahazwj Blessed and High has Revealed, Heazwj Intended that others should be doing that’.73

61 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 1

62 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 2

63 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 3

64 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 4

65 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 5

66 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 6

67 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 7

68 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 8

69 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 9

70 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 10

71 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 11

72 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 12

73 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 14

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"Wisdom is the lost property of the Believer, let him claim it wherever he finds it" - Imam Ali (as)"

Table of Contents

Title

Chapter 1 - The reason for the recognition and ingratitude

Chapter 2 - The reason for the Veiling of Allah(azwj) Mighty is His(azwj) Majesty, from His(azwj) creatures

Chapter 3 - Reason for the affirmation of the Prophets(as) and the Mursils(as) , and reason for the difference in their(as) evidences (Miracles)

Chapter 4 - Reason for the Miracle

Chapter 5 - The reason due to which the Determined Ones (Ul Al Azam) were named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al Azam)

Chapter 6 - The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Commanded for the obedience to the Rasool(saww) and the Imams(asws)

Chapter 7 - The reason due to which there is a need to the Prophet(saww) and the Imam(asws)

Chapter 8 - The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) came to be higher than the (rest of the) Prophets(as)

Chapter 9 - The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) was called ‘Al-Ummy’

Chapter 10 - The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) was named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’, and ‘Mahiya’, and ‘Aaqib’, and ‘Haashira’, and ‘Aheed’, and ‘Moqafa’, and ‘Maqaba’

Chapter 11 - The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Mighty and Majestic Said to His(azwj) Prophet(saww) [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you

Chapter 12 - Reason for the Prophet(saww) greeting the children

Chapter 13 - The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Mighty and Majestic Made His(azwj) Prophet(saww) to be an orphan

Chapter 14 - The reason due to which a son did not remain for Rasool-Allah(saww)

Chapter 15 - Reason for the Ascension (Mi’raaj)

Chapter 16 - The reason due to which the Prophet(saww) did not ask his(saww) Lord(azwj) Mighty and Majestic for the lessening from his(saww) community, from fifty Prayers, until Musa(as) asked him(saww) to do so; and the reason due to which he(as) did not ask for the lessening them from the five Prayers

Chapter 17 - Reason for the love of the Prophet(saww) for Aqeel Bin Abu Talib(as) with two loves

Chapter 18 - The reason due to which Rasool-Allah(saww) used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than the rest of the parts of the sheep

Chapter 19 - The reason due to which the love of Allah(azwj) Blessed and High, and the love for His(azwj) Rasool(saww) , and the People(asws) of his(saww) Household is Obligated upon the servants

Chapter 20 - The Reason why falsehood is adored

Chapter 21 - Reason for the love for the Sake of Allah(azwj) , and the hatred with regards to it, and the friendship to be Made to be Obligatory

Chapter 22 - The reason that the love for the People(asws) of the Household is due to the goodness of the birth, and that the reason for hatred for them(asws) is due to the evilness of the birth

Chapter 23 - The reason due to which the people neglected Ali(asws) and turned away from him(asws) to someone else, despite of their recognition of his(asws) merits

Chapter 24 - The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen(asws) did not fight against his(asws) adversaries